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^^^JIhA
GIFT OF
JVlarcia BradvTucker
I'v
■ /I p-
r 0* ■- "
/ /-
■■J
NATURAL HISTORY
O F
B I R D S.
ILLUSTRATED
With a Hundred and one Copper Plates,
Engraven from the Life.
Publifhed by the Author E LE AZ AR A L B I N,
and carefully colour'd by his Daughter and Himfeltj
from the Originals, drawn from the live Birds.
VOL. III.
LONDON:
Printed for the Author : And Sold by W i l l i a m I n n y s at the Weil-End of St,
Paul's; and John Brindley at the King's Arms in New Bond-Street. ^
MDCCXXXVIII.
To the Learned
Dr. M E A D^
Phyfician to His Majefty*
Honoured SIR,
T^HE great Honour You have been
■^ pleafed to do me, in not only Sub-
Icribing to, but Encouraging my former
Works, emboldens me now to confide in
your worthy Patronage alfo to this.
And indeed I fliould not only be guilty
of the higheft Ingratitude for thofe many
Favours I have received from You, if I
ihould not with all poflible Refped: prefent
this to You, but even be forgetful to myfelf,
A z in
D E DIG A T I N
in depriving my Labours of that Reputation,
which from your Patronage they will obtain.
And, as I have been very curious in this
Collection of Birds to make it a fatisfa£tory
Addition to my former Volumes; i^o I hope
it will be favoured with the lame Efteem You
have been pleafed to have for my other
Works, which is the higheft Wifh of,
Honoured Sir,
Tour moft humble Servant^
Eleazar Albin.
THE
FACE
TO 1^ H E
E A D E R
^ B ^H E Knowledge of Nature has been always a Study fo
•^ agreeable^ that it has been the Purfuit of the finefl
Genius'' s in all Ages. 'The greatefl Men have applied them-
felves to it with the greatefl SatisfaBion to their own Minds
and InJlruSiion of the Publick^ to whom we are obliged
for their Labour.
I am perfuaded that thofe who perufe this Work^ will
be fatisfied that they never faw a Colleclion of Birds fo
intirely compleat in all its Branches as this is.
I have ufed all poffible Care to come near to the Life
in every particular Bird^ and have reprefented to every
one's View the great Variety and Beauty of Colours of each^
.with the nearefl Approach to Nature that Art is capable
of.
ri'^ P R E F A C E.
of^ having made all the Drawings from each Bird itfelf
and not from any other Drawing or Copy
I need not put the Reader in mind how lifelefs bare De-
fcriptions only of Birds are^ without the Reprefentations of
them in their proper natural Colours: 'To fupply therefore
this Defecl has been the Scope and View of this fVbrk.
And as nothing renders the Creation more admirable^
than the beauteous Colours of the feather"* d Part of it^ and
as nothing is more pleaftng to many Perfons than to keep thefe
Creatures by them^ for a SubjeB of their conftant Admira^
tion^ therefore it is^ that I have taken fuch Pains ^ to be fo
very exaSl in the mofl lively Reprefentation of them in their
moft beautiful Colours.
THE
NAMES
OF THE
SUBSCRIBER S.
rl R Robert Abdy, Bari.
*J Sir Anthony Thomas Abdy, Bart.
"William Archer, Efq;
Robert Antrobus, J. M.
B
The Right Honourable the Lord Burlington.
Two Books.
^e Right Honourable the Lord Bateman
The Right Honourable the Lady Mary Booth
Sir Samuel Barnadifton
The Lady Catharine Bathurft
Mr. Richard Barlow
Brook Bridges, Efq',
Robert Briftow, Efq;
William Berners, Efq;
Serjeant Baines
Thomas Beaumont M: A. ReUor o/Bullwell
Nottinghamfhire
Mrs. Beffwick
B. Baron, Engraver
John Brotherton, Bookfeller
John Brindley, Bookfeller. Six Books.
The Right Honourable the Lady Elizabeth Comp-
ton
Vice Chamberlain Coke
Henry Cornel iffbn, Efq;
John Cook, Efq;
John Clarke, Bookfeller at the Royal Exchange
D
Hii Grace the Duke of Devonfliire
Sir Darcy Daws, Bart.
John Dalbey, Efq;
The Reverend Dr. Dcrhatn
Joleph Dandridge
James Douglas, M. D. F. R. S.
The Right Honourable the Lord Chief Ju^icc
Eyres
Arthur Edwards of Grofvenor ftreec
John Egerton, Efq:
Robert Eyre, Efq;
The Right Honourable the Lord Foley;
Sir John Fortefcue
Sir Thomas Frankland'
Mr. Abraham Francia
The Reverend William Freeman"
The Right Honourable the Lady Mary Gore
Charles Goftlin, Efq;
Ambrofe Godfrey Hanckwitz, Chymift
William Goopy
Mrs. Goopy
Mrs. Elizabeth Goopy
H
The Right Honourable the Lady Elizabeth Herberf-
The Right Honourable the Lady Hartford
Sir James How, Bart.
Charles Hedges, Efq;
Mr. Hewer
Mrs. Howard
Benjamin Hoadley, M. D,
Jacob
The Names of the S U B SCRIBERS.
Thomas Ofborn, Bookfeller
P
Jacob Houbland, Efg%
^he Honourable Colonel Houghton
Richard Hazard, Efq^^,
'The Right HonouraUe the Lord Hay
Edward Jackfon, Efq;
Charles Jarnegan, M. D.
Erneft Auguftus Jagar, Efq;
William Innys, Bookfeller. Two Books
K
His Grace the Duke of Kent
Thomas Knowlton, Gardiner
The Right Honourable John Lord Percival
The Right Honourable the Lord Fetre
William Peck, Efq;
Nathaniel Primate, Efq\
P. Pierfon, Efq;
R
The Lady Ann Rufhout
John Rich, Efq;
Mr, Thomas Richardfon, Apthecary
Thomas Robe, Efq;
The Reverend Dr. Rundle
The Right Honourable the Lord Lovel
Sir Thomas Lowther, Kt.
The Honourable Anthony Lowther
William Legrand, EJq;
Mrs. Helena Legrand
Charles Long, Efq;
Samuel Long, Efq;
James Lemmon
Johan Henry Linck, Apothecary at Leipftck
M
His Grace the Duke of Marlborough
Sir Henry Maynard
Richard Mead, M. D. F. R. S.
Mr. John Maud, Chymift
William Meadows, Bookfeller
The Reverend Samuel Madden
John Marfhal, Maker of Optick-Ghffes to bis
Majefy at the Archimedes in Ludgate ftreet.
N
The Right Honourable the Lady Northampton
The Right Honourable the Lord Fifcount Nucon
John Nicholas, Efq;
William Nicholas Efq;
Dr. Cafpar Neuman, ChymiftotheKingofFruSia.
Roger North, Efq;
O
Sir Edward Smith, Bart.
The Right Honourable the Lady St. John
Sir Hans Sloane, Bart. M. D. F. R. S.
John Stanhope, Efq;
Edward Southwell, Efq;
The Honourable John Spencer
Mrs. Sharp
Albertus Seba of Amfterdam
Alexander Seba
William Sherrard, LL. D. F. R .S.
Dr. Johan Juftus Stahl at Berlin
The Right Honourable Sackville Earl of Thanet
37^1? Right Honourable the Lord Tyrconnel
The Right Honourable Thomas Lord Trevor
The Right Honourable the Lady Trevor
The Honourable Grace Thynn
Chomley Turner, Ef-q;
George Thomberrow, Efq;
Pat. Thoroughgood, Efq;
U
Abraham Vandenhoeck and Comp.
W
57?^ Right Honourable the Earl of Wilmington
The Right Honourale ]a.me5 Earl of Waldgrave
he Right Honourable the Earl of Oxiov6. Two Watkins W^illiams Wynn, Efq;
'^/'ii/trce-z^tJ : ^^pM/Z/z^r. ^y/te ^^/iV/Ais
C''{t\Z'za-r-^i/l^n,^e/: {Titf. jj. zyjS".
( I )
T^he Vulture.
Numb. I. ■
THIS Bird is as large as an Eagle ^ its Bill is black and
crooked at the End, after the manner of all the Vul-
ture Kind. Its Eyes large, the Pupil black, the Irides of
a yellowifh flame Colour. Its Head and Neck bald, ha-
ving a foft hairy Down inftead of Feathers; at the lower
part of its Neck is a round RufF of Feathers very narrow
and long, of a yellowiih dun Colour. The whole Bird,
excepting the Quill Feathers of the Wings and Tail, is of
the fame Colour. It was feathered down to its Feet, which
were of an Afh Colour ; the Talons black.
It is a fierce bold Bird, and will ftrike at any thing that
comes near him : I faw him at Tottenham-Court Fair^ where
he was brought to be fhewn j the Man who had it called it
the Eagle of the Sun,
B Th
oe
«/
c i y
The Barberry Falcon,
Numb. II.
<HE Beak of this Bird was black, the Nares yellow
and open, the I rides of the Eye yellow, the Pupil
Parti-Colour, in Circles of black and brown. The Head,
Back, fcapular Feathers, and firft and fecond Row of co-
vert Feathers of the Wings were of a pale blewifh Afh Co-
lour j the top of the Head and Back finely fpotted with
blacky the Breaft, Belly and Thighs were of a yellowilh
white, with a Shade of Blew on the upper part of the Breaft ;
the Wings very long, reaching almoft to the end of the
Train, the third and eighth Feathers of the fecond Row of
Coverts have a large Spot of white on each.
The Quill Feathers and the next incumbent on them
are blackifli with white Edges ; the Thighs and lower part
of the Belly are fpotted with long black Spots like Ermin.
The Train is blewifh with feven Rings of a du(ky Co-
lour • the Legs and Feet yellow, the Talons black.
It had a majeftical and fprightly Look j this Bird I had
out of the Colleftion of Sir Thomas Lowtber,
The
^ ^^/am/roTn cSwrvn^rr^
Oiea/ZM/r^4im'n ~^e/. ^ti^. d.i77f;.
^yhe (Jcfc/t ^m^ta^^.
(^^4ia'Za.7-iyf/^^t^^A/- kJ}^. J ^73^-
' . (3)
The Cock Ringtail or Henharrier.
Numb. III.
ITS Weight was eighteen Ounces, the Length from the
Tip of the Beak to the End of the Train twenty two
Inches, Breadth three Foot feven Inches, the Leg five In-
ches, being longer than in other Hawks 5 a yellow Skin
covers the upper Chap reaching from the Root of the Beak
beyond the Noftrils, the reft of the Beak is black, hooked
and prominent, the lower Mandible ftreight.
The Pupil of the Eye black, the I rides yellow; it hath
feveral white Feathers about the Eyes; the top of the Head
and Back is of a dark ferrugineous Colour; it hath a Ring
of yellow Feathers round the Neck.
The Wings are of a dark reddifh brown, all the exte-
rior Edges of the Feathers white, the Breaft and Belly of a
reddifh yellow, the lower part of the Belly and Thighs
more dilute.
The Rump is white, with two peculiar Spots of yellow
like the Shape of a Diamond, on a Cardj the Train is ten
Inches long, made up of twelve Feathers of the fame Co-
lour of the Breaft, excepting the two middlemoft, which
are of a dark ferrugineous Colour, with five dark Bars acrofs
the Train fet at equal diftances.
The Legs and Feet are yellow, the Talons black ; this
Bird was fent me by my Honoured Friend Sir Robert Abdy
out of EJfex, See the Hen^ Vol. the fecond Numb. 5.
B 2 The
C 4)
The Sparrovp Hawk Cock.
Numb. IV.
THIS Bird is almoft as big as a Pigeon y its Length from the point
of the Beak to the end of its Tail is fourteen Inches, the diftance
between the Wings, when extended, twenty fix Inches.
The Beak is fliort, hooked, blew and black towards the Tip: the
Bafis of the upper Chap is covered with a green Sear. It hath an an-
gular Appendix or Tooth on each fide under the Noftrils. The Noftrils
are oblong; the Palate blew; the Tongue thick, black, and a little
cleft. The Irides of the Eyes yellow, the top of the Head, hind part
of the Neck, Back, and Wings, of a dark Colour inclining to black ;
the Breaft, Belly, and Thighs of a pale buff Colour, with waved reddifh
Lines acrofs.
The Tail is about fix Inches long, made up of twelve Feathers of
an obfcure dusky Colour, their Edges light brown; the Thighs are
ftrong and flefhy, as in all Birds of Prey; the Legs long, flender, and
yellow; the Toes alfo long; the outmofl, as in other Hawks, being
joyned to the middlemofl by a Membrane below ; the Talons black ;
it lays five Eggs, white and fpotted near the blunt End, with a Circle
as it were a Coronet of blood red Spots. It feeds only upon Birds, ne-
ver touching Beetles or other Infeds, for its bignefs it is a very bold Bird,
and is frequently trained up and made for Hawking.
See the Hen, Vol jirft Numb. 5.
T%i
^y^ yJ^f.O'rrffTT/- J/ia^z/i4> ^ /::Zc<::^t-(^^i^^ '3^'^^nJ?^/^^^'t-M^ ^. /^l^ot'^^-<!^.- /7j7
^•
^#..*4
ai^
757
(s)
^he Windhover Cock,
Numb. V.
' I 'HIS Bird weighed ten Ounces: Its length, from the point of the
•^ Beak to the end of the Tail, was fourteen Inches and a quarter:
Its breadth, or diftance between the Wings, extended two Foot and a
half; the Beak fliort, prominent, hooked, and fharp pointed: The
Bafe of the upper Chap covered with a Skin or Membrane, in which
are the Noftrils, the middle part of the Beak next the Sear is white, the
reft of a dark blew : Where it begins to bend it hath a Tooth or Angle,
which is received in a Dent or Cavity in the lower Chap. The Noftrils
are round; the Tongue cleft; the Eye-lids yellow; the Eyes defended
by prominent Rows ; it hath a wide Mouth, and the Palate blew.
The Head is great ; the Crown flat, inclining to an Afh Colour ;
the Back, Shoulders and covert Feathers of the Wings ferrugineous,
marked with dark Spots; the Rump cinereous; the Breaft and Belly
pale ferrugineous, varied with dark Lines drawn downwards; the lower
Belly is fpotted with large Spots of a dusky Colour.
The Flag-Feathers of the Wings were in number twenty four, the
exterior of which were black, their exterior Edges white, thofe next
the Body reddifh, with a Spot at the End of each; the under fide of the
Wing white, with dusky Spots: The Train was made up of twelve
Feathers, the outmoft Tips white, then fucceeds a black Bar or Ring
of an Inch broad, the reft of the Feathers being of a rufty Afh Colour.
The Legs and Feet of a lovely yellow, and the Talons black. It
had a Gall: In the Stomach was found Beetles ^nd Fur of Mice-, Kojirels
are often reclaimed and trained up for Fowling, they catch not only
fmall Birds, but alfo young F^r/r/(^a.
'Tha
(6)
The black JVim^d Horned Owl.
o
Nwmb. VI,
IT was twice as big as the iejfer Horn Owl\ its Bill black,
the Irides of the Eyes of a fhining Orange Colour , the
Head brown variegated with long Marks of black; the
Horns not fo large as in the others of this kind 5 the Rings
or Hoods that encompafs the Face, dark brown, mixed
with' Ibme white Hair here and there, the Back and Wings
almoft black j the Breaft, Belly, and Thighs of a dulky
yellow, with long Marks of brown and white. The Tail
was made up of twelve dufky yellow Feathers, having
twelve Crofs Bars on each, fet at equal diftances from each
other.
The Legs were feathered down to the Feet which were
of a reddilh yellow j the Talons long, crooked and black j
they are found near Bologna and other Places in Italy. The
Situation of the Toes agrees with thofe of the great Horn
Owl^ having three before and one behind. This Bird I
had out of the Collection of Sir Thomas Lowther,
The
6.
z/^e /S;^z^ y^*^
^. .ytU'e-ft. £^e^.- ^7J7.
7-
iy/tt" (Tf^a^ /SriTn^^i 6^rf/ :
d^. .y^/^t^ i%/. ^yj7-
(7)
^he large Brown OwL
Numb. VII.
THIS Bird was as bis ao-ain as the common brown Owti
Its Bill black; the Irides of the Eyes of a lovely (hi-
ning yellow, with a Circle of black Feathers round
each. The Hoods round the Face white, intermixt with
fome light brown Feathers ; the top of the Head, Back
and Wings brown, with large Marks of a dark dufky
brown, with fome Spots of white on the upper part of the
Wings 5 the Breaft and Belly of a pale yellowifh dun,
with long flender dark Marks in the middle of each Feather;
their out Edges white; the Thighs, Legs, and Feet more
dilute without any Spots and feathered down to the Toes
end. The Talons black; the Tail was made up of twelve
pale dun Feathers, with three dufky Bars in each towards
the lower part of the Tail. This fine Bird I had out of
the ColIe6lion of Sir 'Thomas Lowther-^ it differs from our
brown Otu/both in the Bignefs and Colour of its Feathers.
See Vol, the firj}^ Plate the ^th.
I
rhe
•( 8 )
The Black OwL
Numb. VIII.
THIS Bird was about the bignefs of the common brrmn
Owl J it weighed eleven Ounces and a half; its length
from the tip of the Bill to the end of the Tail, four-
teen Inches and a half, the breadth when the Wings were
extended, two Foot and eleven Inches, the Bill an Inch and
a quarter long, of a yellow Colour. The Eyes were large,
the Irides yellow; both upper and lower Eye-lid terminate
in a Membrane, having black Edges. The Ear Holes were
great and furnifhed with Valves.
It was for the apparent Magnitude of the Bird very light,
full of Feathers, a Wreath or Hood of ftiff Feathers reach-
ing beyond the Ears, encompafTes the Face and Eyes, and
ends under the Chin, like a Woman's Hood ; within this
is another Circle of Feathers, the Tips of both are of a light
blewifh Afh Colour; a Circle of dark Feathers encompafles
the Eyes, which are large and bright, and makes it look
very beavitiful.
The top of the Head, Back, Wings and Tail, were
of a dark brown fpotted with black, the Breaft and Belly
of a blewilh Alh Colour, fhadowed and motled with duf-
ky brown.
The Legs were feathered down to the Feet, the upper fide
of the Toes dufky, the under fide or fole of the Foot callous,
and of a yellowifh Colour, as it were granulated with little
Knobs. The inner fide of the Claw of the outer Fore-toe is flat-
ted into an Edge, the better to hold its Pre v. 'The
8
•'y^r- ,^/^^ci an^^
A
^^
/' tT^trel of- £^r'cidiJ€^ .
(^jfleazar^ ^t/^vn Q/^e/. ,Je^. 74 . JJ^
( 9 )
l^he Bird of Paradife,
Numb. IX.
THE Mmiucodiata^ or Bird of Paradife, for bignefs and fhape of
Body, comes near to a Swallow : The Feathers invefting it are of
feveral Colours, very beautiful and lovely to behold: The Head
like that of a Swallow, and large for the fmallnefs of the Body ; the
Bill fomewhat longer than that of the Swallow. No Icfs than ten forts
of Birds of Paradife are defcribed by Naturaiifts; which differ in Size,
Figure, or Colour, from each other. There has been divers Stories deli-
vered by the antient Authors concerning thefe Birds, that in former
Ages were generally received and accepted for true, even by Men of
Learning, which are now difcovered to be Fables, and rejeded and ex-
ploded by all Men: Such as their wanting Feet and Legs; that they lived
upon Celeftial Dew ; that they flew perpetually without any Intermiffion,
and took no reft but on High in the Air, their Wings being fpread ; that
they were never taken alive, but that they always fell down dead upon
the Ground, ^c. Thefe moft beautiful Birds (as Aldrova77dus reports)
are called by the Inhabitants of the Molucca IJJands, Manucodiatcey
that is God's Birds, and are had in great Efteem and Veneration. They
are called Birds of Paradife \ both for the excellent Shape and Beauty of
their Bodies, alfo becaufe where they are bred, whence they come, and
whither they betake themfelves, is altogether unknown, fince they are
only found dead upon the Earth ; fo that the Vulgar imagine them to
drop out of Heaven, or Paradife, all which things are now fufficiently
known to be falfe and fabulous both by Eye Witneffes, and by the Birds
themfelves brought over entire. As for that Particular of their wanting
Legs, thefe Birds are well known to have their Legs ftrong and armed
with crooked Talons, as being the Members of Birds of Prey. They are
faid to fet upon fmall Birds and kill and eat thefti. This Bird I had out
of the Colledion of Sir 'Thomas Lowther.
The
( 1° )
I'he Hen Maccavo,
Numb, X.
TS length from the tip of its Beak, to the end of its
Tail, was thirty Inches : The Body equals that of a
well fed Capon : The Beak hooked, making an exa^l Se-
micircle, the top of the Head, upper fide of the Neck,
the Back and Wings, and upper fide of the Tail, of a ve-
ry pleafant blew or azure Colour; the Throat, Breaft,
Belly, Thighs, Rump, and under fide of the Tail, of a
lovely yellow. The Tail was about eighteen Inches long.
The Legs are very fhort and thick, of an afh Colour, as are
alfo the Feet, armed with great, crooked, black Talons ;
It differs from the Cock, which is of a beautiful fcarlet and
blew Colours. See the Cock^ Vol. the fecond Numb. 1 7.
,. .Thefe Maccaws are the largeft of all the Parrot kind,
and bear a good Price, being commonly fold for ten Gui-
neas. This Bird feems to be the fame with that Aldrovandus
calls the greateft blew and yellow Maccaw^ and lil^ewife the
Maccaw called Ararauna by the Brafilians defcribed by
Margravius, 3
Thi
JO .
'^-l-f^f,
't/Ae /j'Ce-n^ iy^€a.c.Ctz^t^ .
^S
//.
( II )
The Barbadoes Parrot,
Numb. XL
IT was as big as a large tame Pigeon, Its Bill was of
a Horn Colour, the Irides of the Eyes of a beautiful
Saffron Colour, the Pupil black, which it could contract
and inlarge at pleaiure; the Eye was incircled with a Skin of
a cinereous Colour, on the fore part of the Head it was
of a pale afh Colour, encompaffed with a beautiful yellow,
which reaches round the (ides of the Face, and under the
Throat. The top of the Head, Back, Breaft, and Belly,
of a lovely green, the Thighs yellow, as was alfo the up-
per fcapular Feathers of the Wings ; the firft three exterior
covert Feathers of the Wkigs are of a fine blew, the next
Row of Coverts red, the firft fix Quill-Feathers were of a
dark purplifh blew ; the Tail was compofed of twelve Fea-
thers, of a beautiful green Colour, its Legs feathered down
to the Feet, which were of a cinereous afh Colour, the
Talons black.
This Bird was as tame and good humoured, as'*he* was
beautiful, fuffering his Miftrefs to play with him, as with
a Dog 5 he alfo talked very prettily; he was brought from
Barbadoes by a Captain which traded to the JVefl Indies,
C % The
(12)
The CockatoOj or JVhite Crefted Parrot,
Numb. XII.
IT was about the bignefs of a large tame Pigeon^ its Bill
black, the Irides of the Eye red, the Pupil black, the
Skin round the Eye alh Colour; the whole Body, Wings,
and Tail was white, with a Tin6lure of yellow: It had a
Creft of Feathers on its Head, which it would fet up when
it was difpleafed; its Legs and Feet were of a greenilh afh
Colour, the Talons black.
It was a pretty tame and familiar Bird, would come on
the Hand, and fuffer himfelf to be handled, repeating the
Word Cockatoo feveral times, which was all the Words he
could pronounce.
I faw this Bird at Mr. Bland\ at theT/^^r on 'Tower Hill^
where I drew the Picture.
Mr. Nathaniel Oldham had one of thefe Birds, as large
as one of the Maccaws^ all white excepting the under part
of his Creft, which was of a fine fcarlet Colour, and when
he fet it up, made him look very beautiful.
The
19-
y/te (jre<fte<{ ^/h/rtv f
tC/ea'Zar^wtn kre^. ^7/U^ iS.jyj^.
^3-
■/. SAi/-7-r(7i/,'ef^^ /j'lvn ^yfn^<r^ .
cS^zar ^f/^n ^/ J^//t/jo. lyjjj.
( 13 )
7he Angola Paroqueet.
Numb, \XIIL
THIS beautiful Bird was a fmall matter bigger than a
Turtle Dove^ its Bill is of a greenifh afti Colour, its
Head, Back, Breaft, Belly, and fcapular Feathers of the
Wings, were of a beautiful Gold yellow, with Shades of
bright fcarlet.
The covert Feathers of the Wings green, except the two
outermoft in the fecond Row of Coverts, which was blew,
as was alfo the Quill-Feathers. The Tail long and forked,
of a yellowifh green Colour, the Legs, and Feet of a red
ferrugineous Colour.
This Bird was brought from Angola^ on the Coaft of
Guinea^ and was in the Pofleffion of a Gentleman near the
Cuftom-Houfe, who was pleafed to let me draw its PicSlure,
Thefe Paroqueets are likewife brought from the Kafl-In-
dies^ and are found chiefly in the midland Countries; they
rooft and build on the higheil Trees; they fly in Compa-
nies, and with great Noife, as doth the whole Tribe of Parrots f
they will learn to pronounce fome words, if they are kept
tame. %
A
( 14 )
A Paroqueet from Bengali.
Numb. XIV.
HIS Bird is of the bignefs of the lefler fized Parrots^
the upper Mandible is of a buff Colour, the under of
a blackilh, the back part of the Head of a pale
red, with a Shade of purple, the Throat black, with a
fmall Ring of the fame round its Neck j the Breaft, Belly,
and Thighs of a pale yellowifh green ; the Back and Wings
of a fine grafs greeny the Tail was compofed of four Fea-
thers, the two middlemoft the longed: 5 their upper fides of
a grafs green, the under fides of a pale yellow; the Legs of
a light cinereous afti Colour. This Bird I had of Mr. Dan-
dridge: It was brought to him from Bengali^ in the Year
1737, and is called by the Natives Fridatutah,
Tk
14
^5^^^d '^.^r^-n^zz^ ^7y?z^-^^A^ /ft?7nf^e^zaa^ ^ft^ '2^-^ ^ ^ t^kZMoi^ ^te /^^z<^€a=j/ ^ry^^^,6z^/izA. d^.^c^y^.
'5-
Ta/vaucd /rv7n fh^H a^^ Indi^^
i:, ^4i/n'?vdel, Junt 21-. ^ /_•?
( IS
I'he Small green Paroqueet from Eaft India.
Numb. XV.
THIS Bird is a fmall matter bigger than the Sky Lark,
its Bill of a dulky yellow, and hooked, as all the Par-
rot kind are j the Pupil of the Eyes black, the fore
part of the Head and Throat of a fine fcarlet Colour, the
hind part of the Head, Back, Breaft, and Wings of a
beautiful green Colour; the Feathers of the Rump of a
Bright blewifli green, the Tail fhort; the three outmoft
Feathers on each fide are of a fcarlet Colour, with a black
Border, and the Tips green, the Legs and Feet of a grifly
cinereous Colour j they are a tame beautiful Bird j the Cock
and Hen are commonly kept in a Cage together; the Head
of the Hen is not of {o fine a red, as that of the Cock;
they are fold for two Guineas a Pair, and may be had at
Mr. ElancPs^ at the Tiger on Tower HilL
T^WtA
Th
oe
(16)
'The I food Crozv from SwitZQvlRnd.
Numb. XVI.
THIS Bird is about the bignefs of a common Hen, its Bill is red,
long a id fit to thruft into narrow Chinks and Holes of the Earth,
Trees, Walls, and Rocks, to fetch out Grubs and Infeds lurking
there. It alfo feeds on Grafhoppers, Crickets, the Grubs of the Cock-
chafer, little Fifh and Frogs. Its Head is of a dusky yellow, with Shades
of red; it hath a Creft on the hinder part of the Head hanging down;
the Body, Wings and Tail are of a dark green, with a Shade of Purple;
the Legs and Feet of the Colour of the Bill ; they build for the moft
part in high Walls of demolifhed or ruinous Towers, which are com-
man mSwitzerla7jd; they fly very high ; they lay two or three Eggs; the
Young fly about the beginning of June, and if taken before they can
fly are eafily fed and made tame, fo as to fly out into the Fields and
return of their own accord. The young ones are commended for good
Meat, and counted a Dainty ; their Flefli is fweet and their Bones ten-
der. Thofe that take them out of the Nefts, are wont to leave one in
each, that they may the more willingly return the following Year.
They are called in Switzerland Waldrapp.^ and Steinrapp^ that is
Wood-Crows, becaufe they delight to live in woody, mountainous, and
defert Places ; where they build in Rocks and old forlaken Towers.
This Bird I had out of the Collection of Sir Thomas Lowther.
The
^7-
^tj /J/f-e/ n'oj /7^?^/^/^w!% /g^j^j^^^&^z ^*iy,4a2^ ({^^zrO^^^e/./^ii.ij^y.
1^.
5%<? t^-e^n ^caZ^-f^rr^ ^rvri^yz^/Ty^^n, /^t^n^^/ /^m /}[J4 ■
S.a^^<^ ^e/,- /^7.
( '7 )
I'he Dial Bird or Bengali Magpie,
Numb. XVII. XVIII.
THIS Bird was a Cock, it was about the bignefs of the
SongThrufh ; the Billblack, the Edges towards the An-
gle yellow, the I rides of the Eyes yellow, the Head,
Back, and Breaft black, with a call of blew; the Belly and
Thighs white, as was alfo the under fide of the Tail; the
fcapular and firft fix Quill-Feathers black ; the iirft row of
Coverts, and the upper Quill-Feathers white, the Legs and
Feet brown.
The Bill of the Hen was of a dark Colour, inclining to
black, the Irides of the Eyes yellow; the Head, Neck,
Back, and Breaft, ofadufky Colour; the Belly, and Thighs
white, the firft fix Feathers of the Coverts and Quills was
black, the reft of the Wing white. The Tail was com-
pofed of twelve Feathers of equal length, the upper fide of
a duiky Colour, the under fide white, the Legs and Feet
brown. Thefe Birds were brought from BemaiL in the
Year I7C^4, and are called by the Natives the Dial Bird,
It is now in the Poffefiiion of Mr, Dandrid^e^ who was
pleafed to let me draw it.
D The
( i8 )
The Baniahbow from Bengali.
Numb. XIX.
THIS Bird was fomething bigger than the Mijfel Bird-^
its Bill thick, towards the bafe of a yellow Colour,
ending in a iharp Point ; the Noftrils large, the Irides of
the Eyes of a beautiful yellow Colour, the Pupil black f
the Head, Back, and Wings of a light brown ; the ex-
terior Edges of the covert and Quill-Feathers white ; the
Breaft, Belly^ and Thighs more dilute 5 the Tail was made
up of twelve Feathers, of a dufky Colour j the Legs and
Feet yellow ^ it was brought ^xom^Bengallm the Year 1 734,
and is now in the Poffeflion of Mr. Dandridge^ who was
pleafed to give me the liberty of drawing it.
The
IQ .
<-/Ao) ^^^t/ ca^n^/rvivt l&e^ta^^ /.^ ^7J4 ■ ^ ^^ caMa^ £4^ ^laUfnij, M^ '^9.^n/.aA/'tr7ir. <^. ^. : yj y .
20
'..M^ ye-^co?!/ /j^rt^ irvT^i ^&/taa/^.
cp^e^za^z^yi^t/n, 9J^el. y^J^f. if jy^^-
( 19 )
'^he yellow Bird^ from Bengali.
Numb. XX.
THIS Bird was about the bignels of a Fieldfare j its
Bill an Inch and a quarter long, ftrong and ending
in a fhort Point, of a pale red Colour; the Pupil of the Eye
black, the Irides white, a broad black Line encompaffing
the Eye, and ending in a Point on the fide of the Head;
the top of the Head, Breaft, Belly and Thighs were of a
moft beautiful yellow Colour, as were alfo the two outer
Feathers on each iide the Tail; the eight middle Feathers
black.
The fcapular and Quill-Feathers black, their exterior
Edges white, excepting the three firft Feathers, of the firfl:
and fecond Row of Coverts, which are yellow.
The Legs and Feet were of an afh Colour. A drawing
from the Life of this curious Bird was brought from Bengali
to Mr. Dandridge^ who was pleafed to let me make a draw-
ing from it.
D 2 5r^^
( ao ) .
7he Contra^ from Bengali;
Numb. XXI.
THIS Bird is about the bignefs of a Fieldfare^ its Bill
of a pale orange Colour , from the bafe of the upper
Mandible goes a broad white Mark which furrounds
the Eye on each {id^^-^ it has a tuft of white Feathers under
the Eyes; the top of the Head and Throat are black \ a Ring
of a dirty white encompaffes the back fide of the Neck 3 a
Line of white from each Eye encompaffes the hind part of
the Head, almoft touching the Ring on the Neck j the Back,
Wings and Tail are black, excepting fix long Marks of white
on the Coverts ofthe Wings 5 the Breaft, Belly, and Thighs are
white, the Legs and Feet of a yellowifh brown. It was
brought from Bengali in the Year 1 734, and is now in the
PoiTeffion of Mr. Dandridge^ who gave me leave to draw it.
The
^z
22.
/ //c^c'c^/te^^^-r /rerfn. JJe^i^i-i^-aU.
{i^lgO'Z/zf- eZ^t^i ^e^: .^iCzf x^ i7J7-
( il )
I'he Bengali Woodpecker.
Numb. XXII.
THIS Bird is of the fame bignefs of our Englijh green
Woodpecker ^ the Bill is of a light aih Colour, blunt
at the Endj the Tongue long, ending in a Homey
Subflance, as in the reft of this kind j the fore part of the
Head and Throat are motled with fmall duilcy and white
Feathers j under the Eyes is a Tuft of white Feathers^
pointing backwards 5 it had a Creft of fcarlet Feathers^
hanging down behind the Head, the back part of the Neck
black j the Back and Wings are of a yellowilh green, the
fcapular part of them dark brown, with large white Spots 5
the four firft prime Feathers black, with fix Marks of white
acrofs them, at equal diftances j the Throat and Breaft
white, with large long Spots of black, the Belly white, the
Edges of the Feathers duiky, the Thighs and lower Belly
near the Vent white, without any Marks or Spots.
The Tail is made up of ten black ftiff Feathers, ben-
ding inwards 3 the Legs and Toes of a dark alh Colour,
the bottoms of the Feet redilh brown. It was brouo-ht
from Bengali m the Year I'J'^'J^ and is now in the Poilef--
fion of Mr. Dandridge.
"•ihT
( 22 )
The lejfer Mack Woodpecker.
Numb. XXIII.
TS length from the tip of the Bill to the end of the
Tail is fix Inches 5 the Breadth, when the Wings were ex-
panded, eleven Inches and a half 3 the Bill was an Inch and
a half long, of a brown Colour; the Tongue long, as in
other Woodpeckers; the Irides of the Eyes whitifh, the
fore part of the top of the Head was black, the hind part
red; the reft of the Bird was black, excepting the Edge of
the fcapular part of the Wing, and under the Vent, where
it had fome white Feathers ; the Legs and Feet were yellow-
ifti, the Claws black; the Tongue long and ftiff, as in
oi^^x Woodpeckers: This Bird I had from a Gentleman very
curious in Birds, ^c. he told me it came from New Eng-
land.
The
*
.y/i-e. /^e^ ^l^iZoA- ^<?zn/yiif-<:^€<p^.
^^.K 7^if^'7.7t ^^^\jy^^y.
1
I
24.
kJ/u. J/to/f/uncfy ^/>;e<:'/-'ee^te'r.
cilea,'za,7' ^u/i^n ^'&/. .yiu^. if. lyj/^-
( i3 )
^he Hamburgh Tree Creeper,
Numb. XXIV.
T'HIS Bird is fomething bigger than a *^^rr^:e;; its Bill
is black, the I rides of the Eyes yellow, the top of the
Head and Neck of a redifh brown, with a caft of
purple j the under part of the Neck and Throat is divided
acrofs with broad Streaks of brown and white; the Back
and Breaft of a yellowifh brown, with long black Spots,
as was alfo the fcapular Feathers of the Wings, except the
laftRow next the Coverts, which vv^ere white ; the lirft Row
of Coverts dark brown, their exterior Edges white, the lail
Row of Coverts white, the prime Feathers of the Wings
light yellowifh brown.
The Tail was made up of twelve Feathers, the middle-
moft being the longeft, the upper fide of a dark brown,
the under fide white; as was alio the lower part of the Bel-
ly and Thighs.
This Bird is common in Hamburgh-^ it is obferved when
among a Row of Trees to climb up the firft, fearching it all
round, and then to come down again on the Body of the
Tree to the Ground, going on to the next Tree, and {q
from one Tree to another, till it has fearched them all,
making very little ufe of its Wings while amongft the Trees; ,
it feeds on Beetles and other Infefts.
This Bird I had from Mr. Cafteil^ who gave me this ac-
count of it, from his own Obfervation, when he was in that
Country.
3 Thez
( 24 )
The f mail Tree Creeper.
Numb. XXV.
T is a very fmall Bird, a little bigger than a golden
JVren \ it hath a long (lender Iharp Bill, bending down-
wards like a Bow, the upper part of a dark Colour, the
nether white at the Bafe, and black at the Tip , the Tongue
not longer than the Bill, wherein it differs from the JVood-
peckers^ yet hard and ftiff at the Point, and Iharp like a
Goad 5 the Irides of the Eyes of a dark hazel Colour.
The Throat, Breafh and Belly are white, the Head, Back
and Wings of a fulvous red, inclining to a fox Colour, in-
termixed with white and black Specks; the Tail confifts of
ten Feathers only, as does the JVoodpeckers^ and is very long for
the bignefs of the Bird, Viz. two Inches and a half, iharp
pointed, fhiff, of a duiky red, or rediih dun Colour.
The Feet are of a light brown, the Legs (hort ; the Feet
have long Toes, all armed with very long, Iharp, white
Claws, efpecially the back Toe, which it hath extraordina-
ry long, like a Lark.
It runs up the Bodies and Boughs of Trees, having its
Feet and Tail fitly difpofed for that purpofe.
It is frequent in England^ and builds in the Hollows of
Trees, after the manner of Woodpeckers^ and lays a great
number of Eggs, fometimes not fewer than twenty.
Thi
-^7
f^he ^Jrc^, {j! r'ec^t.i'r:
(Je'T^/u-a^.
(^^^^■'za^^'^^ftn. ^lU.^/e/^.zS. ^jj^-
%o.
^
'tiy-'i/a/jt ca??na/t,?ia.. «r''^'c,4v/'.v_'v?^^:
Slea^za'r\Allnn ^el. Je/i. ^. JJJ^.
{ ^s )
l^he Fig-eater,
Numb. XXVI.
THIS is a fmail long bodied Bird, its Bill (lender, and of a
dark reddifli Colour j the top of the Head, Back and
Tail of a duiky red, cinereous and yellow Mixture j it hath
the fame number of Wing and Tail Feathers as in other
fmail Birds; the Quill and Coverts more dark than the reft 5
their exterior Edges white, on the Throat is a large Spot
of white, the Breaft yellow, fpotted with black; the under
part of the Belly and Thighs white, the Legs of a pale red-
difh Colour- This Bird I had out of the Collection of
Sir Thomas Lowther.
Mr, Willoughby in his Ornithology makes fix or feven
Kinds of this Bird. See Chap, V. page 2 1 6.
E "The
( a6 )
^e Smirna Kingfijker,
Numb. XXVII.
THIS Bird was about three times as big as our King-
fifheriy its Bill long and thick at the Bafe, ending in
a (harp Point, of a red Colour j the I rides of the Eyes
white, the top of the Head and Neck brown, as was alfb
the lower part of the Belly and Thighs j a broad Stripe of
white crofles the Breaft, and ends under the fcapular of the
Wings j the Back, Wings and Tail are all over of a dark
green j the Legs and Feet of a beautiful red. This Bird
was fliot by Conful Sherrard in a River of Smirna^ and
brought over by him preferved in Spirits of Wine, from
which I made a drawing exactly like the Bird.
The
'2>
yruy ,Jm/i/r/ia -JUn^fuAe^.
(^^/eoyZO/r^^Ut'trL ^l/)cl. JJu/y 27. lyj'
'.d.
C/^i,:) ^e^n/^Aa:^ ^r^:^^^^i^r/^^?p^^, '^^^ta^ ^^/^^^^ .• ^z?i^:^t:d A^^xy£u:e€/€r/i^/^i7r/fe^^^t^/&U:^. (^.^ . JJJ ]
( ^7 )
7he large Kingfijher from Bengali.
Numb. XXVIII.
THIS Bird was as large as our T^hrujh-^ its Bill was three
Inches long, of a fcarlet Colour, very thick at the
Bafe, and ending in a fharp Point ; the Irides of the
Eyes of a lovely yellow j the Head and upper fide of the
Neck, and upper part of the Back brown , the Throat,
Breaft and part of the Belly white, on each fide of which it had
five large Spots of brown j the lower part of the Back,
Wings and Tail of a beautiful light blewifh green, excep-
ting the Coverts of the Wings, which were brown ^ the
lower Belly and Thighs brown.
The Legs werefhort, and the Toes long, both of an orange
Colour. It was brought from Bengali in the Year 1 734,
and is now in the Poileflion of Mr. Dandridge^ who was
pleafed to lend it me to draw the Pi£lure.
E 2 The
!*•
( ^8 )
7he fmall Kingfijher from Bengali.
Numb. XXIX.
THIS Bird is of the bignefs of our Kingfijher^ in Vol,
the fir ft Numb. 54 j its Bill of a fcarlet Colour; on
the Forehead adjoining to the Bill was a Spot of yellow,
and under the Throat a large Spot of white, a broad black
Line from the Bill intervening, and encompaffmg the Eyes.
The top of the Head was of a dirty red, under that a
Line of dark blew, feparated from the Back by a broad
Stripe of white; the Back was of a dark blew, the Wings
of a dark ferrugineous Colour, the Rump and upper fide of
the Tail red; the under fide of the Neck, the Breaft, Bel-
ly, and Thighs, and under fide of the Tail, were of a
beautiful yellow Colour; the Legs and Feet fcarlet. This
Bird was fent from Bengali ^ and is now in the Poflefi[ion of
Mr. Dandridge^ who was pleafed to let me draw it.
The
-zci.
■^y/it'. <C&yi^<2(^ ^y^yn/^^Aer. i2/c£i/a ^e^n^ea/en/Zl
S^eo/zar^yf^^^tn ^^/. ^dof. 4. iJJ^-
3
o .
^yy/^cj ^^/y/^i.'iz^ ^rrt:'i^/A^y9v?^z ^Je.^z^/ ^^^. ^;rj4 > 4" ^ ^ /^rcyiif ^>^«^i%%W. S. 6l^t^^e/:jyj7
( ^9 )
l^he Bengali Bee-Eater.
Numb, XXX.
T is almoft as big as the Song Thrujlo-^ its length from
the tip of the Bill to the end of the Tail is twelve In-
ches, Breadth, when the Wings are expanded, eighteen
Inches j its Bill is black, thick at the Bafe, bending down-
wards, from the tip to the Angles of the Mouth almoft two
Inches long; the Irides of the Eyes of a beautiful red;
from the Corners of the Mouth, through the Eyes on each
fide is extended a black Stroke; from the Bale of the upper
Chap over the Eye, and under the Chin are bright, but
pale blew Feathers ; the top and back part of the Head is
of a dufky yellow ; the Back and Wings of a yellowifh
green ; the tips of the Quill-Feathers of the Wings brown j
the Breaft and Belly of a light green ; the Thighs and
lower part of the Belly, near the Vent, of a pale yellov/,
intermixt with green; the Tail was made up of twelve Fea-
thers, the five outermoft on each fide were three Inches long,
of a yellow and green Mixture, the two middlemoft were fix
Inches long, of a dufky Colour, ending in fharp Points ; the
Legs are very ihort, but thick for the length; the fore Toes
are joined together as far as the firft Joint, as in the King-
fijher-^ both Legs and Feet black. This Bird was brought
from Bengali in the Year 1734, and is in the PoiTeffion of
Mr. Dandridge-^ I believe this to be a Cock Bird.
See the Hen Vol, the fecond Nun^b, 44.
a ■ Hoe
( 30 )
l^he Oflrich,
Numb. XXXI.
IT Is the greateft of all Birds, the Head is fmall, deprefled or flat-
crown'd, like a Goofe%\ the Bill alfo is comprefTed, and compared
with the Body, very fmall, of a triangular Figure, and Horn Colour,
the End being blackifh ; the flit of the Mouth is large, reaching fo far
that its Angles lie diredlly under the Eyes, The Eyes are great with
Hazel-Coloured Irides. The Head and Neck, and almoft as far as the
Breaft, are bare of Feathers, as alfo the Thighs, the Head and Neck
are covered with a certain Down, or thin fet Hairs inftead of Feathers;
the fides under the Wings, and the Thighs are abfolutely bare, and of
a Flefh Colour; the Wings are fmall, and unufeful for flying, defigned
by Nature, only to afTifl: the Bird in running, being fpread and moved ;
the Feathers in the Back of the Cock are black, in the Hen dusky, with
light brown Edges, the large Quill- Feathers of the Wings and Tail are
purely white, the latter is thick, bufhy and round, and not to be fpread
as in other Birds, and are in great Requeft with Soldiers for their Hats ;
its Neck and Legs are very long ; it hath but two Toes, wanting the
Back- toe and inmoft Fore-toe, the outer was five Inches and a half long,
the other eight, armed with a ftrong Claw; the Toes are conneded
with a thick ftrong Membrane, as far as the nrfl: Joint.
It fwallows Iron^ Leathe?'^ Grafs, Bread, Hair, and whatever elfe
you oiTer it promifcuoufly: Howbeit it doth not concoft Iron or other
hard things, but voids them intire by Stool. Thefe Birds are bred in
the Defarts of Arabia, and in /Ijrica, and fometimes are feen in great
Companies; they lay very large Eggs, which they bury in the Sand;
they are hatched by the heat of the Sun, the old ones taking no far-
ther care of them.
rhe
3f
j/ru/i
J^O'iU/uij
T: .^■iUn/i.tiil- Jtine -v. i-j^f'
Safiil^/zrYj' Lot:/:
'^^ JE,^/^m2^^Jhne- 2P. ty^
■ ( 3r )
I'he Hamburgh Cock,
■Numb. XXXII.
THIS Bird is of a peculiar Breed, which is brought
from Hamburgh by our Merchants ; he is of a {late-
ly Carriage, loling none of his height j his Bill was thick
at the Bafe, ending in a fharp Point, the Irides of the Eyes
are of a lovely yellow, encompailed with a Circle of dark
Feathers, under which was a Tuft of black Feathers,
which covered his Ear j his rofe Comb reached but half way
on his Head, the hinder part of the Crown was invefted
with dark brown Feathers, inclining to black, as was alio
the Throat below the Gills ^ his Neck was cloathed witk
long hackle Feathers, of a red and orange coloured Mix-
ture, the Points of fome of them black j the Breaft and Bel-
ly, as far as the Thighs, of the fame Colour, with large
round Spots of blacky the Thighs and lower Belly of a
velvet black (which has given fome of the Ladies the occa-
fion of calling him velvet Breeches) j the hind part of his
Neck and Back wasf of a darker red, his Wings fome-
thing paler, the exterior Edges of the Feathers dark brown j
the Tail was made up of red, black, and orange coloured
long Feathers elegantly refle«9:ed or arcuate ^ his Legs and
Feet of a lead Colour ^ the bottoms or foles of the Feet
yellowifh. This fine Cock was fent me by my honoured
Friend Sir Robe/t Abdy^ from his Seat at Albyns. in Epx.
( 3i )
Bantam Cock.
Numb, XXXIII.
THIS little Cock was all Life and Courage, fighting any Cock that
he could come at, although as big again as himfelf, alfo Dogs,
Cats, or any other thing which came in his way; his Bill was reddifli;
the Irides of the Eyes red ; on his Crown a fine rofe Comb, a Tuft of
white Feathers covered his Ears ; his Neck and Back were clothe*d with
long haccle Fcatheis, of a yellow and orange Colour intermixt; his
Breaft, Belly and Thighs black; from the Thighs grew long ftiff Fea-
thers reaching beyond his Knees two Inches, which they call Boots ; his
Legs were alfo feathered down to his Toes ; the Tail was made up of
twelve ftiff black Feathers, two large Sickle Feathers, and feveral fmall
{lender ones incumbent on it. The original Breed of thefe Fowls are
brought from Bantam m India.
'The Bantam Hen.
Numb. XXXIV. '
* I 'HEY are of divers Colours, but I took this for one of the moft
-^ beautiful ones; her Bill was of a yellowiOi horn Colour; fhe had
a fmall red Comb; the fide of her Face round about her Eyes was red,
and void of Feathers ; her Ears were covered with a Tuft of brown ; on
the Top of her Head were fome fmall white Feathers ; her Body, Wings
and Tail yellow, motled very thick all over with Marks and Spots of
dark Colour ; fhe was booted and feathered down to her Toes, as all
of the true Bantam kind are.
The
33
»'3-/?-tS Soa^Tt^a^ ^Jt^e>/h> .
3^. /2//^n.Me/.:jjjy.
J4
•1^/f /i^O'^i^'ia'^n. J^t^^e-i^
S . ^Z^^t, ^e/: z/yy.
Mi '-ll: I
-;u,.-.
( 33 )
7he Turkey Cock.
Numb. XXXV.
TS Bill is of a horn Colour; the Irides of the Eyes of
a blewifh white 5 the Head and Neck are altogether
bare of Feathers, covered with a carunculous flefhy Sub-
ftance, party coloured with white, red, blew and purple;
it hath no Creft or Comb like a Cock, but a certain red flefhy
Appendix, ariling above the upper Chap of the Bill, which
is fometimes extended to that length, that it not only reaches
all along the Declivity of the upper Chap, but hangs down
below the tip of the Bill, at lead an Inch, fo that the Bill is
covered with it, that it cannot be feen but fideways 1, this
Appendix, when it walks or feeds, is contracted fo that it
falls Ihort of the length of the Bill; the Feathers of this Bird
fomewhat refemble a Hawk's, and have their ends white; it
hath very long Legs ; its Toes and Claws are like thofe of
the Dunorhill Cock.
Turkeys love hot Countries, yet they can bear cold ones
well enough, after they are grown up and ufed to them, but
their Chickens are very nice and tender, and not to be reared
without great Care and Attendance; their Flelh is very white
and delicate, yielding a plentiful and firm Nourifhment.
The Antipathy this Fowl hath againft a red Colour, lb
as to be much moved and provoked at the Sight thereof,
is very ftrange and admirable.
The
( 34 )
^he red Pheafant Cock from China,
Numb. XXXV I.
IT was almoft as big as our Englijh Pheafant ly its Bill of
a light brown 5 the I rides of the Eyes yellow j the top
of the Head yellow, from whence hung down a Creft of
long fcarlet Feathers variegated with fcalloped black Lines
fet at equal Diftances, which it could ere^t at Pleafure, un-
der which it had green Feathers fcolloped with black reach^^
ing to one third of its Back \ the reft of the Back was cloath-
ed with beautiful yellow Feathers: The fore part of its
Neck, Breaft and Belly of a fcarlet Colour, as were alfb
the fcapular Feathers of the Wings.
The firft four Feathers of all the Rows of Coverts were
of a du(ky yellow, fpotted with dark brown j the upper Co-
verts next the Back dark blew and fpotted with black -y the
two firft Quills very dark inclining to black, on the exterior
Web of each eight Spots of duiky yellow, the reft of the
Quill-Feathers of the Colour of the firft Coverts.
The long Feathers of the Tail were dark and fpotted,
and tipt with yellow; it had on the upper part of its Tail
long narrow fcarlet Feathers with yellow Tips; the Legs
and Feet were yellow ; I do not find this beautiful Bird def-
cribecl by any Author; it was in the PolTellion of the Ho-
nourable yohn Spencer Efquire, at his Houfe in IVindfor
Park^ where I went by his Order to draw it.
ne
*,;'v. -I'
f ■- %
J ( 35 )
'■ ^he JVhite China Pheafant,
Numb. XXXVII.
IT was about the bignefs of our Englijh Pheafants; its
Bill is of a dufky yellow j from the Bafe of the upper
Chap all along the top of the Head was a Creft of black
Feathers hanging down behind j the Eye is encompalTed with
white, and round that a fcarlet Colour powdered with fmall
Specks of dark red, which reach from the Bill to the hind
part of the Head, and are much broader than the red in our
Cock Pheafants'y the Neck, Back, Wings and Tail are
white, with fome faint Shades and Marks. From the Bafe
of the under Chap is a black Mark on the Throat, which
increafes in Breadth on the Breaft and Belly waved on each
fide, and decreafes under the Vent ending in a Point on the
under fide of the Tail j the Thighs are alfo black, the Legs
and Feet are of a fcarlet Colour, the Claws black; this Bird
I faw at a Lady\ at Enfield^ where I made a drawing from
it. I do not find this Bird defcribed in any Author.
The
( 36 )
The Buflard.
Numb. XXXVIII. XXXIX.
TT is as big as the 'Turkey; its length from the tip of the Bill to the end
— • of the Tail was lixty Inches; its breadth between the Wings, when
extended, two Yards and a half; its Bill like a Hen's, the upper Chap
being fomething crooked; the Head and Neck are alli coloured, the
Belly white,- the Back is variegated with red and black tranfverfe Lines ;
it wants the back Toe, which is efpecially remarkable; for by this Note
alone, and its bignefs, it is fufficiently diftinguhlied from all other Birds
of this kind: It feeds upon Corn, Seeds of Herbs, Col worts. Dandelion
leaves, ^c. In the Stomach of one diffe^led was found a great Quan-
tity of Hemlock Seed, with three or four Grains of Barley, and that in
Harveft time ; they are found on Newmarket and Royjlon Heaths in
CamhrtdgJJdire and Suffolk-, and elfevv^here in Waftes and Plains : They
are of flow flight, and when they are upon the Ground can hardly raife
themfelves from it, by reafon of the Bulk and Weight of their Bodies,
from whence without doubt they got the Latin name Tarda.
Dr. Douglas has obferved in the Male two Stomachs, one for the Food
and the other a Refervatory for Water to fupply them, they feeding oa
dry Heaths remote from Ponds and Rivers: Some fay one may catch
them with ones Hands before they can compofe themfelves to fly; but
this is a Miftake : for though it be long before they can raife themfelves
from the Earth, yet are they very timorous and circumfpedt, and will
not fuffer a Man to come within a Furlong of them, before they take
Wing and fly away; yet our Fowlers report that they may be run down
with Greyhounds.
The
«
3'^-
OU) J-iLC- Tart^a. autd
H .K.4llriftd&/ ' k/u'ic 'it.%'^^6
39
T'y7'.^ ,^>?«>^^<^ '^t^-/iay9'^ .
<$.^y£^^^v^e/ : ^yyjy.
{37)
The red Peruvian Hen,
Numb. XL.
THIS Bird is of the Bignefs and Shape of the Carafow
Hen J its Bill, fides of its Face and upper part of its
Neck were of a dark aih Colour 5 the Pupil of the Eyes
black, the Irides red j round the top of the Head was a
Creft of white Feathers with black Tips ; the lower part of
the Neck and the whole Body were red, the Legs and Feet
are black. This Name is impofed on it for want of know-
ing its real Name ; It was kept at Richmond Palace, when
Her late Majefly was Princefs of Waks^ amongft her Col-
lection of Rarities of this kind 5 I drew it from the Bird,
but could not meet with any one that could give me a par-
ticular account of it, excepting in the Colour; it is pretty
much like the Carafow Hen^ and feems to be of the fame
Species with that Fowl : The difagreement that is between
them in the Colours may be perhaps owing from the diffe-
rent Places they are brought from, or fuch difference as is
common amongft tame Fowls.
T/j
>]e
( 38)
'^^?r lloe French Field DucL
Numb. XLI.
IT is a Bird peculiar to France.^ where there is not a Couiitryman but
knows it, at leaft by the Name. It is fo called, not becaufe it is a
Water Bird, but becaufe it fits on the Ground like the Water-Ducky but
it hath no Similitude or Agreement with Water-Fowl, being a Land-
Bird ; it is of the bignefs of a Pheafant ; the Head, faving the bignefs,
refembling a ^aifsj the Bill a Pullets. It is more known by its Name
than by its Shape: for they have a Country-Proverb againft fufpicious
Perfons, wherein they fay, that they play the Land-Duck. It is taken
in Plains and open Fields, as they take Partridges-, in Snares, with
Nets, and alfo with Hawks ; but it is very crafty in defending and fhifting
for itlelf, flying near the Ground with great Force and Swiftnefs for
two or three hundred Paces, and then alights, running fo fwiftly, that
fcarce any Man can overtake it. It hath only three Toes on each Foot,
like the Bujiard\ the Head, Back and Wings are of a yellowifh brown,
variegated with black and white, the Breaft, Belly and Thighs were pa-
ler, inclining to white, the Legs and Feet cinereous; all its interior
parts are as in other granivorous Birds; it is reckoned among the delicate
Birds, and efteemed as good Meat as the Pheafant. It feeds on all forts
of Grain, and upon y^?z/j-, Beetles^ and Flies^ and alfo on the Leaves of
green Corn. This Bird feems not to have been mentioned by the An-
tients ; I had it out of the Colledion of Sir Thomas Lowther.
The
'^>^?ic/-i, FiUMlJu^£ .
^norJ CamJj-e.:f^J
-f'i
Ci^ltt/fr/ti h('/</anj. J/ie ami/nun ^-iT^. 0ov6 <7rS^zi^m.
c^^^zar^ l^/'rn €^€^. ^ 'liuf. j . jyj_^-
( 39 )
^he Common Dove Houfe^ or Wild Pigeon.
Numb. XLII.
* I ' HIS Pigeon weighed thirteen Ounces ; was in length from the Bill
-■- to the Tail end thirteen Inches, in breadth twenty fix.
Its Bill was flender, fharp-pointed and indifferently long, about the
Noftrils foft and whitifti, by the afperlion of a kind of furfuraceous Sub-
ftarnce, elfe dusky : The Tongue neither hard, nor cloven, but fharp and
foft; the Irides of the Eyes red, the Legs and Feet red, the Claws black.
The Head was of a pale blew j the Neck as it was diverfely objeded
to the Light, did exhibit to the Beholder various and fhining Colours.
The Crop was reddifh, the reft of the Breafl: and Belly afli coloured;
the Back beneath and a little above the Rump vi'as white, (which is a Note
common to moft Wild Pigeons) about the Shoulders cinereous, elfe
black, yet with feme Mixture of cinereous. The number of plume
Feathers in each Wing was about twenty three or twenty four, of thefe
the outmoft were dusky, of the reft as much as was expofed to fight
black, what was covered with incumbent Feathers cinereous. The co-
vert Feathers of the ten firft Remiges were of a dark cinereous; the reft
of the covert Feathers (almoft to the Body) dark, the tips and exterior Webs,.
were cinereous, the interior black, the covert Feathers of the under fide
of the Wings purely white.
The Tail was made up of twelve Feathers, four Inches and a half
long, the middlemoft being fomewhat longer than the extremes; the
tips of all were black, the reft wholly cinereous.
it had a great Craw full of Grumil Seed. The blind Guts very fhort,
fcarce exceeding a quarter of an Inch ; it hath (as we faid of Pigeons
in general) no Gall Bladder, and lays but two Eggs at a time; thofe
Kinds vary much in Colour. There are found of the mordinarily milk
white.
n<.
(40 )
I'he Jacobine Pigeon.
Numb. XLin.
THIS Pigeon is vulgarly called the yack^ is, if true, the
fmalleft of all Pigeons, and the fmaller ftill the better:
It has a Range of Feathers invefted quite over the hinder
part of the Head, which reaches down on each fide of the
Neck to the Shoulders of the Wings, and forms a kind
of Frier's Hood: from hence this Pigeon has its Name
Jacobine^ becaufe the Fathers of that Order all wear Hoods
to cover their bald Crowns j hence the upper part of this
Range is called the Hood j and the more compaA thefe Fea-
thers are, and the clofer to the Head, fo much the more
this Bird is efteemed. The lower part of this Range of
Feathers is called by us the Chain, but by the Dutch it is
called the Cravat; the Feathers of this Chain ought to be
long and clofe, fo that if you ftrain the Neck a little, by
talcing hold of the Bill, the two fides will lap over each
other in fome of the beft; but there are very few now to be
found in Kngland compleat. The jfacohine ought to have a
very Ihort Bill, the fhorter the better, and a clean pearl Eye,
as for their Colours there are reds, yellows, blews, blacks
and mottles; but be the Colours what they will, they ought
to have a clean white Head, white Feet and white Tail.
Of thefe Pigeons fome are feather legg'd and footed, others
are not, and both forts are equally eileem'd, according to
the various Inclination of different Fancies.
3 ^'^c
5^^ ^ezc^r^-i^Tze^ _^caCa.e-er?t'
c^. ^///'^^z. ^e/.- J /J y.
^^
^Jke^Jhcn^A. 0oz^..
(^/e^l'zar .^//'t/n^ S'e/. ^i^.
'/^.jj. jy:^r.
(41 )
'The Stock Dove,
Numb. XLIV.
T is as big as the common Pigeon, it weighed fourteen Ounces and
a half; its length was fourteen Inches, breadth, when the Wings
were extended, twenty fix. The Colour and Shape of the Body
almoft like the common Pigeon ; the Bill flender and of equal length,
and of a pale red Colour. The Top of the Head is cinereous, the Neck
covered with changeable Feathers, which, as they are varioufly objed:ed
to the Light, appear of a purple, blew, and fhining green; no Silk like
them. The fore part of the Bread, the Shoulders and Wings are dafhed
with purplilli or red- wine Colour, whence it took the Name {Oenas)'^
the Wings, Shoulders, and middle of the Back are of a dark afh Colour,
the reft of the Back to the Tail of a paler; all the Quill-Feathers (ex-
cept the four or five outmoft, which are all over black, with light Ed-
ges) have their lower part cinereous, and their upper black, the Tail is
five Inches long, made up of twelve Feathers, having their upper part
cinereous, their lower, for one third of their length, black, the nether
fide of the Body, excepting the upper part of the Breaft, is all cinereous;
the Wings clofcd, reach not to the end of the Tail; in both Wings on
the upper Row of Coverts are two black Spots on the outfide the Shafts,
and not far from the tips of the Feathers ; the Legs and Feet are red,
the Claws black, the blind Guts very fhort. It had no Gall Bladder:
It had a large Craw full of Gromil Seeds, ^'c. and a mufculous Stomach,
long Tefticles, and a long Breaft-bone.
G The
( 42 )
'The 'Turtle r>(yve from India.
Numb. XLV.
TH E Hen, excepting the Feet which are red, and the
Bill which is black, as in the Cock, is all over white :
But the Cock hath his Head, Neck Breaft and Wings,
as far as the Quill-Feathers, and Back down to the Rump
of a reddifh or dun Colour : The Quill-Feathers of the
Wings and the Rump and whole Tail are of a duiky Co-
lour, having their Shafts black and Edges white j the Breaft,^
Belly and Thighs are white, the lower part of the Belly,
near the Vent, yellowifli^ the I rides of the Eyes are of a
moft lovely ihining Saffron or rather fcarlet Colour; a black
Ring encompafles the back part of the Neck, ending in a
Point on each fide; they are tame pretty Birds, and kept
in Cages by the Curious, in which they will breed and bring
up their young ; they feed on Hemp Seed, Millet, £^<r. but
delight moft in feeding on W^heat.
The
45-
•"J/re. 'Vurt/^. (^/^in^c. /rtrm. ^dJoj^J^t^/c^J.
{^^ea^zar^ul^n &ey/.^%c/i/ 2Q.jyj^.
r^
d ^(ri/€,^jfroy72 lj/ii'?ia>.
(^leazo/r .^U^tn ^el. Sa/t/ 21. ly^t;.
( 43 )
'The China Dove,
Numb. XLVI.
'"W^ HIS Dove was about the bignefs of the Indian Turtle
JL Dove-^ its Bill of able¥/i{h aih Colour 5 the Irides of
the Eyes of a beautiful vvhite, the top of the Head
and round the Eyes alh Colour; the fides of the Head yel-
low; the ends of the Feathers red on the fide of the Neck;
above the Scapular of the Wing was abroad Stripe of blew
Feathers, the hind part of the Neck and Back brown, the
ends of the Feathers black, the fcapular Feathers more di-
lute, and their ends variegated with black and white: The firft
and laft Feathers in the Row of Coverts black, their exte-
rior Edges white, the middle Feathers all white, the Quill-
Feathers black, their Edges white; the Breaft and Belly of
a beautiful pale rofe Colour; the Tail was made up of twelve
Feathers of a light dusky Colour; the Legs and Feet red,
the Claws white.
This beautiful Bird I faw at the late Mr. Richardfon'^s A-
pothecary in Aider/gate Street ^ who was pleafed to let me
draw it.
G s The
( 44 )
7he Nincombar Pigeons Cock and Hen,
Numb. XLVII. XLVIII.
THEY were fomething bigger than a tame Pigeon \ the Bill long,
of a dark afli Colour ; the Irides of the Eyes were red, the Head
black, with a Caft of blew ; the Neck was adorned with long Feathers
of various Colours, viz. blew, red, purple, and gold intermixt with a
beautiful green; the Back was cloathed with broad Feathers of the fame
Mixture of Colours.
The Scapular Feather of the Wing green ; the three firfl: Quill-Fea-
thers blew, as was alfo three of the laft Row of Coverts, the reft of the
Quills and Coverts were dusky, intermixed with brown and red.
The Breaft, Belly and Thighs of an obfcure brown Colour, the Legs
and Feet of a dirty yellow, with dark brown Scales on their fore iides ;
the Tail was made up of twelve white Feathers of equal length.
The Hen was much of the fame Colours, but not fo bright as thofe
of the Cock, nor the Feathers of the Neck fo long ; their Note was like
the Cooing of a Pigeon ; they fed on Rice in the Husk, a Quantity of
which was brought over with them from the Ijlands of IMincombar
near Pegu in India., where they are wild after the manner of our Wood
Pigeon. Thefe Birds have a diftemper incident to them, which is a
Stone growing in their Gizzard in the fame manner as the Stone in the
Gall of an Ox, one Coat upon another till it is fo large as to ftop it quite
vip and kill the Bird; I bought thefe two Birds by my Lord Petres,
Order, and prefented them to Sir Hans Shane ; who has them naw in
his Poffeflion; they were brought over from India in the beginning of
the Year 1737.
The
^4^
h
49-
^^.y/u'X^i^^c/Ji.:,rn^n,-„^O^zni. /. 5^./^^^,^;^. S^azar.M/'znS^e/. ^^0^.4 . .yj^.
(45 )
7/&^ Humming Birds,
Numb. XLIX.
TH E Long-Tail-Humming Bird is the leaft of all the Species of this Kind of
Birds, of which Naturalifls reckon nine different Sorts, and the leaft that we
know of found upon our Globe; its Bill is a little more than an Inch long, of a yel-
lowish Colour, the Pupil of the Eye black, the Irides yellow, the top of the Head
and Back of a dusky green inclining to a blew, with dark Shades ; the Throat, Breaft
and Belly of a beautiful green, the Edges of the Feathers of a beautiful yellow inter-
mixt with gold, the Wings of a dufky red, or copper Colour, with a Mixture of gold;,
the Feathers of its Tail were of the fame Mixture of the Wings, only darker; theie
Birds move their Wings with that fwiftnefs as hardly to be diicerned by the Eye, dar-
ting themfelves here and there in a Moment ; it will alfo poile itfelf by the help of
its Wings for a long fpace of time in the Air, as if it re (led and ftirred not, and io
being on the Wing, fuck the Flowers with its Bill, for it lights not upon them,
which I have obferved them to do many times in "Jamaica -, our Bee moth imitates the
Adions of this Bird the mofl of any thing in Nature by its fwift flying, darting, and
hovering on the Wing when it fucks the Flowers.
This Bird I had by the Name of the Mango Bird, which I believe to be an impofed
Name: It is one of the Humming Birds; the Head, Back and Wings were a mixture
of copper Colour, red and gold interchangeably mixt, very beautiful to behold; the
Breafl, Belly and Thighs were a velvet black intermix! with a fliining green; the Tail
is a little more than an Inch long; the Feathers of a mixt Colour, of blew, red and
green ; the Bill and Legs are of a blewifh Colour. In the year 170 1, when I was at
Jamaica^ I took one of thefe Birds in the dufk of the Evening with her Neft, which
was built with Cotton in the Branches of the Phylick-nut Trees growing in that
Ifland, in which was two fmall white round Eggs as big as Peas; the long tail'd Bird
I copied from the natural Bird at Salter's Coffee-Houfe at Chelfea.
The
( 46 )
The Hortulon,
Numb. L. ■
THIS Bird is of the bignefs of the Etmtmg^ in Vol.
the fecond Numb, 50. Its v/eight is about an Ounce
and a half; the length from the Tip of the Bill to the end
of the Tail feven Inches lono;; Breadth, when ihe Wines
were extended, eleven Inches and a half; the Bill is great
and thick of a flelhy Colour, having a hard Knob or Pro-
minence in the upper Mandible, wherewith it is thought to
bruife Wheats Oats^ or other Grain.
The Head, Neck and upper part of the Breaft is of a
pale greenifti yellow, the Back and Wings of a reddifh
Tindlure and brown Shade; the under part of the Breaft
and Thighs whitifh, with tranfverfe Lines and Shades of
pale red; the under fide of the Tail yellow; the Legs and
Feet of a pale ferruginous Colour. This Bird I had out
of the Collection of Sir Thomas Lowther.
Thefe Birds are accounted a great Rarity in Banquets,
and bear a high Price in France and other Countries.
ne
^o.
•
I'JA^^ J^Cartu/a-rve^
(^leazar.Mf^ti^'^l J':f- ^ ^U''-
^'■
^^ /-/a^A ^a^ . /J. cl/A^ ^^.- jyj y.
( 47 )
7he black Lark.
Numb. LI.
THE Bill of this Bird was of a duiky yellow; thelri-
des of the Eyes yellowiih : It was all over of a dark
reddifli brown, inclining to black, excepting the hind
part of the Head, on which was fome dufky yellowiih Fea-
thers 5 likewife fome Feathers with whitiih Edges on the
Belly.
The Legs, Feet, and Claws were of a dirty yellow.
This Lark was taken with a Clap Net by one of the Bird-
catchers in a Field near Highgate^ and brought to me by
Mr, Davenport J which I have taken care to draw exactly
from the Bird, neither adding nor diminiihing in the Draught
or Colouring. This being a Curioiity, I was defired by
one of my Subferibers to make a Plate, of it.
The
(48)
'The Crefled Lark.
Numb. LII.
IT is bigger than a Sky Lark, hath a greater and longer Bill, almoft
an Inch long, meafuring from the Point to the Angles of the
Mouth ; the upper Chap dusky, the lower whitifh. The Tongue is
broad and fomewhat cloven ; the Irides of the Eyes are of a cinereous
hazel Colour ; the Creft-Feathers are blacker than the reft, and almoft
an Inch long, which he can ered: or lower at pleafure; the Back
is more cinereous and lefler fpotted than in the common Lark, the
Rump almoft wholly deftitute of Spots.
The prime Feathers of the Wings are in number eighteen, befides the
outmoft very fhort and fmall one, the outward Vane of the firft Pinion
Feather is of a dirty white, inclining to yellow, the reft are not fo black
as in the common Lark, and have fome mixture of a pale red even in
their lower part; the Breaft and Belly are white, with a dafb of yel-
low 5 the Throat fpotted as in the common Lark ; The Tail is two Inches
and a quarter long, made up of twelve Feathers, the two outmoft of
which have their exterior Borders white, with a dafh of red, the reft
black, the third and fourth are wholly black; the fifth and fixth of the
fame Colour of the Body.
It differs from the common Larh^ firft in Bignefs, fecondly in the
Creft, thirdly in the Colour of the Back, which is lefs fpotted, and not
fo beautiful, fourthly the Tail not fo long, fifthly in that it foars not fo
much in the Air, and when it mounts up ftays not fo long there, fixthly
that it flies not in Flocks as they do, laftly (as Aldrovandus obferves)
it is frequently feen about the Banks of Lakes and Rivers.
fhi
.V//^ OWytra^ ^Xa^W^,
c^.^y/^^'ft ^&/. ryjy.
5^3
^y/u! <I^'i^/ut^u/.a/e,.
.=£asci/uii
^/■&a.za^^£^^tmz/^e/.Je/^. se. jys'^-
( 49 )
'The Nightingale,
Numb. LIU.
NOtwithftandlng the particular Fancy of divers Perfons, for this or that Bird,
which they efteem and prefer to all others, the Nightmgale, by the generality of
Mankind, is ftill accounted the chief of all fingiwg Birds ; he fends forth his plea-
fant Notes with fo lavifli a Freedom, that he makes even the Woods to eccho with
his melodious Voice ; and this delightful Bird, fcorning to be outdone, will not yield
to any Competitor, either of Birds or Men; the Wood-Lark is his greateft Antagonift,
between whom there fometimes happens fuch a Contention for Maftery, each
ftriving to outvy the other, that like true bred Cocks, they feem refolved to dye
rather than lofe the Vidlory ; if the former carries it in Stoutnefs and Freenefs of
Song, fo does the latter in his pleafing Variety of foft warbling harmonious Notes,
in which to my Fancy, none excels, or is equal to him.
The Nightingale is not fo remarkable for any variety or beauty of Colours, but
well known for its finging by Night: In Size it is about the bignefs of the Goldfinch^
fomething longer bodied, the Head, Back, Wings and Tail are of a reddifh brown
Colour; the Breaft and Belly paler, inclining to a dirty white, the Legs of a yellowiih
flefh Colour ; they build in a thick Hedge low to the Bank, making their Neft of
Leaves, Straw, and Mofs, and lay five Eggs.
Thofe Birds are not feen in this Kingdom in the Winter time, where they are,
when abfent from us, is altogether unknown : They come towards the latter end of
March and beginning of April, and leave us at the latter end of Summer. Thofe
kept in Cages will fing feven or eight Months in the Year, from the beginning of No-
vember till Midfummer ; keeping them clean : Their Food is Sheeps Hearts and boiled
Eggs, and now and then a Meal Worm, or Spider.
H « The
( 5° ) ■
I'he Hen Wheat-Ear,
Numb. LIV.
IT is bigger than the Houfe Sparrow ; the Bill is flender, ftreight,
black, and more than half an Inch long,- the Colour of its Head
and Back is cinereous with a Mixture of red; the Rump white, the
Belly is of a light hair Colour, inclining to white; the Quill-Feathers
and Covert Feathers are black, their exterior Edges are of a reddifli yel-
low, and in fome Birds white. The Tail is two Inches and a quarter
long, made up of twelve black Feathers, their exterior Edges the fame
with the Quill-Feathers; the Legs and Feet black; its Stomach is not
very mufculous, out of which when diffedled was taken Beetles and
other InfeEis. It commonly breeds in forfaken Coney Burrows.
In Sujfex the Boys, to catch thefe Birds, ufe this Art; they dig long
Turfs of Earth, and lay them acrofs the Holes whereout they were dig-
ged, and about the middle of them hang Snares made of Horfe-hair.
Thele Birds being naturally very timorous, if a Hawk happens to ap-
pear, or but a Cloud pafs over and intercept the Sun-Beams, they haf-
tily run to hide themfelves in the Holes, under the Turfs, and fo are
caught by the Neck in Snares. Upon the Downs in Sujfex they are
taken in great numbers in Harveft-time or beginning of Autumn, where
for their Fatnefs and delicate Rclifh, they are highly prized. See the
Cocky Vol. the firfi
The
54
'/Zi?. .yif^t M^ea^ Sa^.
S. ^^//t^^t- ^€^. /yj y .
3v-
K^^ arKal:er rieci fj£iz/?r£.
..y^^&TTt/a, Ua^z^aii/uf .
(^lea^ar^il^tn S^e^. iv^. J4 ■ ^73^-
The greater Redflart,
Numb. LV.
THIS Bird is equal in bignefs to the Starling ; its Length
from the tip of the Bill to the end of the Claws are
nine Inches and a half; the Meafure of the Wings,
when extended, is fourteen Inches ; the Bill is more than
an Inch long, broad and flat, as in Stares^ not round and
rifing in a ridge as in Blackbirds ; black of Colour, the up-
per Chap longer, fharp-pointed and fomewhat crooked j
the Mouth yellow within, the Tongue a little cleft at the
end; the Legs and Feet cinereous, the Claws black, the
Soles of the Feet yellow; the whole Bird is party-coloured,
being a mixture of white or grey, black and yellow ; fome
Cock Birds are of a fulvous Colour, fpeckled with many
white Spots, and a few black ones : The Tail is Ihort, fcarce
exceeding three Inches, made up of twelve Feathers of
equal length, all of a fulvous red, excepting the two mid-
dlemoft, that are dufky, which yet in fome Birds are alfo
above half red ; it is to be obferved, that all the Tail-Fea-
thers have their oviter Edges towards the top of the fame
Colour with the middle Feathers.
It is faid to abide and build in mountainous Places. It
is kept in Cages for its finging. This Bird I had out of the
Collection of Sir 'Thomas Lowther.
H 2 The
( 5^ )
'The Bengali Redftart.
Numb. LVI.
T was fomething bigger than the Red(lart\ the Bill of
a dark aili Colour , the Irides of the Eyes white j the
top of the Head from the Bill to the hinder part black 5
from under the Eyes grows a Tuft of fcarlet Feathers, the
bottom of which is furrounded with white, the back part
and bottom of the white with black, then fucceeds four Se-
mi-circles of black, growing lefs by degrees, and parts the
brown and white on the fide of the Neckj the hind part
of the Neck, the Back and Wings are brown; the Bread,
Belly and Thighs white, under the Vent red; the Tail
was made up of twelve pale dufky Feathers.
The Legs and Feet are black; this Bird was brought
from Bengali in the Year 1 734, without any Name being
affixt to it; it feems to be of the Infeftiferous Tribe by its
Bill, for which reafon, and its red Colours, I fhall beg
leave to call it by the Name of the Bengali Redflart. It is
now in the Pofleflion of Mr. JDandridge^ who was pleafed
to lend it me.
The
.-!-' .
• y/i<j ^^^^(/^^'^z^ ^^^r^u^At /^i^T^i- /^;^^2^ C'/i. ^/ie -^^a^yvq^ .
(^. o- {^e^z ^e/. ^/J7.
57.
<^l<i<izar..yi^^^e^- J^- ^3 '73^'
( S3 )
^he Mountain Titts,
Numb. LVII.
'T^HESE Birds are of the bignefs of the hkw Head
jL 'Titmoufe-j The Bill of the Cock was yellow, the Iri-
des of the Eyes white; a long Stripe enclofed the Eye, and
ended in a Point tov/ards the Neck, the Head was blewifh,
the upper part of the Neck, Breaft and Belly yellowifh;
the Back, and fcapular Feathers of the Wings of a yellow-
ilh brown : The quill and covert Feathers of a blewilh afh
Colour.
The Tail was made up of twelve Feathers, their Mid-
dles brown, the exterior Edges of a blewifh aih Colour;
the Legs and Feet blew.
The Bill of the Hen was blew, the Head, Back, Wings
and Tail were of a light brown Colour, the Throat white,
the Breaft, Belly and Thighs of a pale yellowifti buff Co-
lour, the Legs and Feet cinereous. Thefe Birds are found
in fome Parts of Germany and Italy. I drew them out of
the Collection of Sir Thomas Lowther.
The
( 54 )
^he Black Cap and JVhite throat.
Numb. LVIIl.
'' I *HIS Bird is vei-y fmall, not weighing above half an Ounce: Its length from the
-^ tip of the Bill to the end of the Tail is five Inches, breadth, when the Wings
are extended, nine Inches ; the top of th& Head is black, whence it took its name :
under the black on the fide of the Head white, the Neck cinereous; the Back, Wings
and upper fide of the Tail of a dufky Colour inclining to green.
The Tail is made up of twelve Feathers two Inches and a half long, a little forked,
the nether part of the Neck, Breaft and Belly are of a light afh Colour inclining to
white; the Bill flreight and black : the Tongue cloven and rough; the Legs and Feet
arc of a lead Colour, the Claws black; the outmoft Toe below is faftned to the mid-
dlemofl. The Head of the Female is of a brown or chefnut Colour, rather than
black. Thefe Birds are frequent in Italy; it is alfo found in England in the Spring.
The White Throat feems to be almoft of the fame Mi^gnitude of the Black Cap,
the upper Chap black, the lower white ; the Tongue is flit with a deep Incifion; the
Mouth within yellow or amber Colour, the back Toe great, the exterior fore Toes
equal, and lefs than in other fmall Bird--, joyned at bottom to the middlemofl:, the in-
terior by an intervening Membrane, which is not obferved in other Birds of this kind ;
the upper part of the Body is of a reddifh brown, the Head more cinereous ; the
Throat, Breaft and Belly are white, the outmofl Edges of the Q_uill-Feathers alfo
white.
It frequents Hedges and Gardens, feeds upon Beetles, Flies and other Infedls;
creeping and hopping up and down in Buflies like the Hedge Sparrow, and builds in
Buflies not far from the Ground ; the outer part of the Nefl is made of the tender
Stalks of Herbs, and dry Straws, the middlemoft of fine Bents and foft Grafs, the
inlide of Horfehair and other foft Hair; it lays five Eggs of a dufky Colour, mingled
with white and green befprinkled over with black Spots, It comes to us in the Spring,
and leave us in Winter.
3 The
5
8.
SJ^ 'yS^M ^^ O'ft^^ ^Aoe .5%<'i?«&f .
(S^e^i^tar^^^^i^^^e/, xje^. jy J 73^-
59'
cy/te ,_M^,t/^^yza r^tTTtr. ^ ^
u-'rui.oaj>
S. ..y^^^t^^e/: jyjy-
(55)
The Hedge Sparrow,
Numb. LIX.
T~^HI S Bird is about the bignefs of a Robin Red-Breajl ; its Bill is long
-■- and {lender, of a dusky Colour inclining to black ; its Back, Wings
and Tail are a dark brown with a reddil'li Mixture; the Head is dusky
with a blewifh Caft; the Breaft is of a blewifh lead Colour, the Belly
more__dilute ; the Legs are of a dusky brown: This Bird is as well known
as any of our fniall Birds, being found almofl: in every Bufh, that hard-
ly a Boy that fearches the Hedges, but can give an account of its Neft,
Eggs, ^c. It would therefore feem unneceffary to take much notice of
it, but that I think the Hedge Sparrow too much negleded, no Bird is
more defpifed j I am fure he ought to be more valued ; he being a ve-
ry pleafant Song-bird, fings fweetly, and has a great variety of pretty
Notes: I have known them kept in Cages by fome curious Perfons, and
much valued for their fine finging ; a great many People cage worle,
and account them good Birds ; tis Plenty that leffens the Worth of this
Bird, as of every thing elfe, though ever fo valuable in it felf: The
Hen is known from the Cock, by the Palenefsof her Breaft, and being:
of a brighter Colour on the Back; they build their NePc of fine green
Mofs, platted with a little Wool and Hair; the Hen lays commonly
five Eggs of a pale blew Colour; fhe has young ones at the end of
J^pril^ or the beginning of May ; you may take them at ten Days old,,,
and feed them with Bread and Flefh-meat chop'd very fine, and mixed,
together, made moift as for other Birds.
Toe:
( S6 )
Sedge Bird.
Numb. LX.
ITS Bill is {lender, ftreight and of a duiky red; from
the Bafe of the upper Mandible is a broad dirty white
Mark reaching over each Eye 5 its upper Side and Wings
are of a dufky Colour ; the Breaft and Belly of a pale yel-
lowilh white : all the exterior Edges of the Wins-Feathers
are of a pale yellow ; its Legs and Feet of a reddiih yellow 5
the Tail was made up of twelve dulky brown Feathers : It
frequents watery Places, among Willows and Sedges : I take
this Bird to be the Salicaria of Gefner^ his Defcription being
almoft the fame with this. He alfo fays, it feeds upon
Flies, Spiders, and other Infects, which it finds among
Willows-^ which that it may enjoy alone, it drives away all
other fmall Birds. I take the Poft Bird to be very much
like this.
4
rhi
^o-
{^.^^^C^.
S. . ///t,/t 0e^.- /yj 7.
^.
^eoA-z^v^n^'^i^^^^^t^^Z'
(^. /^^^W^^/^
( 57 )
'The Viro[inia Groas Beak Hen.
Numb. LXI.
THIS Bird is as big as the Song Thrujh j its Bill is of
a pale red, very thick towards the Bafe, ftiort and
ending in a fliarp Point; on the top of the Head is a Creft
of brown Feathers, which it raifes or lets fa|l at Pleafure;
the Head, Back and Wings were of a reddilh brown Co-
lour, the Breaft and Belly more dilute j the Tail was made
up of twelve Feathers, the middlemoft of which was of a,
dark Colour, inclining to black, the outermoil of a reddilh
brown 5 the Legs and Feet are of the fame Colour. They
are brought from Virginia^ New-England^ and other Parts.
of North Afnerica^ where they catch them as we do Larks:
in Kngland^ by fweeping away the Snow and baiting the
place with Virginia Wheat, ^c. It hath an agreeable me-
lodious Song with fome Notes like the EnglijJo Nightingale. -
The Hen fings as well as the Cock, when kept in a Cage,
The ftrength v/ith its Bill is . iurprizing, it being able to-
crack Ahnonds^ Olive fioneSj and Indian Maiz^ very expe-
ditioufly, the Kernels of which it is very fond of: In Efig-
land they bring them to feed on Hemp Seed. Several have
been fo curious to try to breed them here, but to no pur-
pofe»
The
( S8 )
^he Gamboa Groafbeak,
Numb. LXIL
HIS Bird was about the bigneis of the common Grof-
beak^ defcribedin VoL the fir jl Numb, 56. Its Bill is
very large and ftrong, from a broad Bafe ending in
a (harp Point of the Figure of a Cone having a large Ca-
vity within, of a dark alh Colour, the Pupil of the Eyes
black, the Irides white, the Head and part of the Neck
black, ending in a iliarp Point on the fore part of the Breaft.
The reft of the Body, Wings and Tail are of a beautiful
yellow Colour, intermixed with a greenifh Shade 5 the Legs
and Feet of a blewilh afh Colour. This Bird was brought
from Gamboa on the Coaft of Guinea^ and was in the Pof-
feffion of his Grace the Duke of Chandos in an Aviary at
his Grace's Country Seat at Edgeworth^ where I went to
draw it.
rhc
fT.
Cne^rmz^ ^eoA ^rtmv^a??zA^ ^^ ^uiftea,.
c>/eaza/r,y^t^ Q^e/. Kfeyi. g. i/j^.
/
63.
'^77c^; OTVtz^^- ^rO'^n^/^^K^
^. a//k^ 0e/. y/jy.
( 59 )
^e greater Br ambling.
Numb. LXIII.
IT is fomething bigger than the Lark : Its length from
the point of the Bill to the end of the Tail is fix Inches,
breadth, when the Wings were extended, thirteen Inches 5
its Bill is half an Inch long of a horn Colour , the end of
the Tongue is divided into Filaments j the top of the Head
dufky with yellowifh and white Spots;; the Back is of a
dufky yellow, with dark Spots and Shades ^ the Throat,
Bread and fcapular part of the Wing of a light Chefnut
Colour j the Belly arid Thighs are white: the Quill-Fea-
thers of the Wings are black, their exterior Edges of a
pale greenifh yellowy the Tips of the firft Row of Coverts
white, making a white Mark acrofs the Wing : It hath a
forked Tail two Inches and a half long, made up of twelve
dusky Feathers, their exterior Edges yellowifh 5 the Legs,
Feet and Claws are black, the back Claw the longeft, as in
Larks. This Bird I had of a very curious Gentleman.
2. Tht
( 6o ■)
The Brambling,
Numb, LXIV,
T is a fmall matter bigger than the Chaffinch^ its Bill is thick, ftrong,
ftreight, from abroad Bafe diminifliing into a fharp Point, almoft like
a Cone or Funnel ; in fome Birds wholly black, in others black at
Point, and yellow at Bottom. Its Tongue is like the Chaffinch's; the
upper Chap of equal length with the lower; its lides ftrong and thinned
into an Edge, (the Bill of the Female hath no part yellow). Its Legs
and Feet are of a pale dusky flefh Colour ; the outer Toe is joyned to
the middle below, as in other fmall Birds ; from the Head of the Cock
to the middle of the Back, the Colour is like that of a Starling, a fhi-
ning black, the Edges of the Feathers being of a reddifli afh Colour,
the lower part of the Back and Rump whitilh; the Throat is of a
yellowifh red, or orange Colour, the Belly white; the Feathers behind
the Vent reddifh. The interior Quill-Feathers of the Wings are red,
the inmoft of all black, with red Edges beginning from the fourth,
feventh or eighth of the fubfequent Feathers; they have a white Spot
on the outlide of their Shafts, by the tips of the fecond Row ; under-
neath alfo their exterior Edges are v/hitifh; elfe the Quill-Feathers are
all black : The Plumage near the Bafe of the Wing underneath is of a
lovely yellow, above of an orange Colour.
The Tail is made up of twelve Feathers, four Inches and |- long, of
a black Colour, but the exterior Web of the outmoft Feathers on both
fides is white, and fometimes alfo the interior ; the Tips and Edges of
the two middle Feathers are of a reddifh afh Colour.
The
6^.
^fon^/rtn^^/^,. '^^ /^rmnMtho.
S^ea'Za^ , f/Z^/n £^/ .y^W ji jyjj.
^5.
5%^ rcJ J^Jea</.^^t^^'pza-r-rr>-nr
( <5i )
lloe Red Head Sparrow,
Numb. LXV.
THIS Bird is fomething lefs than the Houfe Sparrow^
and more (lender in its Body , the Bill of an afh Co-
lour, yellow towards the Bale , the Irides of the Eyes
white j The Top and hind part of the Head red ; under the
Bill is a long black Mark, and a large Semi-Spot of the
fame Colour on the fide of the Head; the fide of the Head
under the Eye, and round the Spot white, alio a Ring of
white round the hind Part of the Neck , the Back and Sca-
pular Feathers of the Wings reddifh brown, with long
black Marks 5 the ends of the Coverts tipt with white,
which makes two Lines of white acrofs the Wing; the Co-
verts and Quills are of a lighter brown, without any Marks
or Spots, the Breaft and Belly of a dirty white.
The Tail was made up of twelve Feathers of a dufky Co-
lour, their Edges light brown, the Legs and Feet yellow,
the Claws black. Mr. Willoughby in his Ornithology men-
tions a Bird fomething like it. See SeSi. the third page 250.
This I had from one of the Bird Catchers, who took it on
a Common near the Woods.
rhe
( 62 )
^he Mountain Sparrow,
Numb. LXVI.
THIS Bird was of the bignefs of the common Houfe
Sparrow^ but longer bodyed; the Bill of a dark afli
Colour, the Pupil of the Eye black, the Irides white^ the
top of the Head, fide of the Face and Throat, of a brown
Colour, motled with black and white j a broad white Line
comes from the under Chap bending downwards like a
Whiiker; alfo a dufky white Line encompalTes the back
part of the Head, the Back is of a dark reddifh brown,
ftriped with black, the Wings more red, and not ftripedj
the exterior Edges of the covert Feathers white \ the Tail
was made up of twelve dark coloured Feathers, fpotted with
round Spots of white : The Legs and Feet are of a pale reddifh
Colour, the Claws black.
This Bird delights in mountainous woody Places, not
frequented. It was fhot by a Gentleman in the Country ^
and fent in a Letter to me by the Name of the Mountam
Sparrow.
The
a
^^/ii: •^/itc^t/n/'ut.n 'yruz/rrtmr.
CjU'tiZiir^ u/-zn ii/^e/. ^ /m/. -^-z. -i~^-,.
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t.yt' ^^^af^-pTi/^ />V7n- a^ 6'e:yt^ ^^^^^^cz^C^:^7S<£■»
(^. .y£^^\£^e/: /2?7-
( 63 )
Cape Sparrow,
Numb. LXVII.
THIS Bird was about the bignefs of the Abaduvine:
Its Bill was of a pale cinereous, the Irides of the Eyes
white, the Head Neck and Breaft black, ending in a Point
on the Belly j the lower part of the Belly, Thighs, and
round the Wings white 5 the Wings of a light brown Co-
lour, excepting the two firft Quill-Feathers, which were all
black, the reft of the Quills their exterior Edges only
black.
The Legs and Feet light brown, the Claws du(ky : The
Tail was made up of twelve Feathers of equal length, of
the fame Colour of the Wings. Its Note was like the
Whiftling of the Wind. This Bird I faw at my Lord IlafSy
who was pleafed to let me draw it.
Hhe
( 64 )
The China Bull-Finch.
Numb. LXVIII.
THIS Bird was about the bignefs of the red Linnet 5
its Bill is lliort and thick, of a dusky Colour, thelri-
des of the Eyes white j the Head and hind part of the Neck
of a blewilh Purple j the Back green, the fcapular and co-
vert Feathers of the Wings are a Mixture of yellow and
green.
The Quiils of the outer part of the Wing are of a dark
purplifh red, the upper Quills red, with a Mixture of
greeny the Throat, Breaft, Belly and Thighs of a bright
Scarlet j the Tail was made up of twelve Feathers, of a
dulky red Colour; the Legs and Feet yellow. I faw this
Bird in the Pofleffion of a curious Gentleman, who told
me it was brought from China^ and called it the China
Bull-Finch.
The
^<9
'^/ie ^2^!^/^ta^ ^.a^-ff^z^A^
^. ^..^^^^n.^e/: //?/'.
^9
S%^ ^^a^cA ^M^-/i^tcA.
~^C^^ ^e/: ^^y-
( 65 )
The black Bull-Finch,
Numb. LXIX.
TTS Bill was of a dark alh Colour, thel-
^ rides of the Eyes white 5- it was all over
black, excepting the Ends of fbme of the
Feathers on the Belly, which were red, and
the exterior Edges of the five firft Quill-Fea-
thers of the Wings white; the Legs and Feet
flefti Colour, the Claws black. I had this
Bird from Sir Robert Abdj. It was very
tame and good natured and much valued
by Sir Robert and my Lady^
K.
The
( 66 )
^he Swallow Gold-Finch.
~ Numb. LXX.
THE Bill of this Bird is of a pale flelh Colour; the I-
rides of the Eyes yellow; the Head and Neck black,
fpotted with red on the fore part near the Bill; the Back
and Breaft are of a dufky yellowilh brown ; the Belly and
Thighs white, the Wings and Tail the fame with the com-
mon Gold-Finch : the Legs and Feet are of a flelh Colour^
This Bird I was credibly informed, by the Gentleman who
had it, was bred between a Cock Swallow and Hen
Gold-Finch ; it had the Note and A(9:ions of the Swallow.
I had it of Nathaniel Oldham Efquire.
'The Canary Gold-Finch.
TH E Bill is of a fleih Colour, the Irides of the Eyes
white, the Head was in all other refpe<9:s like the
Gold-Finch, but the Colours paler; the Back and
Wings not fo dark; the Breaft, Belly and Thighs yellow;
the Tail was made up of twelve yellow Feathers with black
tips : Thefe Birds are bred between a Cock Gold-Finch taken
out of the Neft and bred up tame, and a Hen Canary Bird,
and are called Mule Birds; they never couple or breed with
other Birds.
The
yc
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d>^ea/zar iZl^>tfi.£^e^in.- '^^2'Z'V ^Z' '7J7-
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Uke /£/j6r mexl //ImMi^e^rt KJirhc/i.
S^aza.r^4/^0d. Jii/i/ 2f. y/7j.
( 67 )
Voe kjfer Pied Mountain Finch
Numb. LXXL
THIS Bird is of the bignefs of the Green-Finch^ it hath
a thick fhort and ftrong Bill, of a deep yellow Co-
/ lour 3 the fore part of the Head is of a dark brown
almoft black, growing lighter backwards ; about and un-
der the Eye light Chefnut, the Back of a brownifh afh Co-
lour, fpotted with black j under the Throat a yellowifh
white, with a Ring round its Neck of a Chefnut Colour j
the Breaft and Belly are white, mixed with yellow, inclin-
ing to a flame Colour j the fcapular Feathers are white, as
were alfo the firft and fecond Row of Coverts, all the reft
of the Quill-Feathers black, with their exterior Edges
white ^ the Tail confifts of twelve Feathers, the three out-
ermoft on each fide white, with a fmall dafh of dark brown,
the reft of the middle Feathers brown, the Legs and Feet
black. They are found in the Northern Parts of Torkjhire.
K 2 The
{68}
The Red Linnet Cock and Hen,
Numb. LXXII. LXXIII.
IT is fomething lefs than the Chajjinchj the Head is par-
ti-coloured of cinereous and black, the Back of a dark
brown and reddifh mixture, the Breaft is white; the low-
er Belly about the Vent yellowilh, the Region of the Crane
or Bottom of the Gullet is of a lovely red, the Edges of
the Feathers yellowilh; each Wing hath eighteen Quill-Fea-
thers, all black but the Edges, which in the exterior are
whitilh, in the interior are red; the foremoft Feathers of
the fecond Row are black, the Edges of the interior, or
thofe next the Rife of the Wing red, the lelTer covert Fea-
thers about the Rid^e or Bafe of the Wins are red: the
J-—. . . . ^ .
Tail is fomewhat forked, its two outermoft Feathers being
two Inches and a quarter long, the middlemoft only two :
of the middle two, the Borders or Edges are red, the
reft white j the Tail confifts of the ufuai number of twelve
Feathers 5 it delights to feed on Linfeed, whence Gefner^
in Imitation of the French (who call it Li note) impcfed on
it the Name of Linaria 5 it feems not to be defcribed by the
Ancients : It is kept in Cages for the Sweetnefs of linging,
wherein it excels all other fmall Birds : It feeds upon Cana-
ry Seed, Panic, Millet, Rape Seed, and Hemp Seed: It is
obferved to build in Black-Thorn, White-Thorn or Furze-
Bufhes, and lays three or four Eggs. The Hen is paler
than the Cock, and has no red on the Breafh.
The
7-2
5^ .^^teO!^ J^£'77/rz.&d- ^.^^t^.
5r t.y^/^'^i. ^e/c'^?z ^/JT
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j>
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m
'. S^n^v^e^.
(j> . c^^:^;Wz^ ^e^: ryj y.
( <59 )
The Iwite.
Numb. LXXIV.
IT Is in Colour like the Linnet ^ but lefs, it has a fhort
Bill, the Legs blackifh j the Cock has a curious red Spot
upon his Rump, which the Hen hath not 3 it is a merry
briik Bird, that is always a fmging, therefore they hang
him. among other Birds, to provoke them to fingj they do
not breed in England that I know of, but come here in
Winter, and go away again in the Spring, but what place
they come from, or whither they go, to us is not known :
The Bird-catchers take them as they do Linnets^ ^c. They
eat Rape and Canary Seed, but love the Canary beft : It is
a pretty familiar, gentle natur'd Bird, well worth keeping,
I was told by a Gentleman, curious in flich Enquiries, that
the Twite is common in fome parts of France^ and is cal-
led there Petit Linotte, the lefler Linnet j and that its Eggs
are like the Eggs of that Bird, but lefs.
The
(70)
The Red Pole,
. Numb. LXXV.
TH E Red Pole is a very fmall, but an exceeding pretty
feathered Bird : the Head and Breaft of the Cock are
of a fine red : The Hen has a red Head likewife, but not
of fo bright a Colour 5 it is not a very fine Bird for finging,
but has a pretty chattering fort of Song j it cannot be cal-
led very melodious, yet they are often kept in Cages, and
eat the fame fort of Seeds as the Linnet or Chaffinches. We
are not lure that thefe Birds build in England-^ they are
found here in Winter, but go away again in the Spring.
I never faw or heard of any of their Nefts being found j
I rather believe they come to Ihun the Cold, as the Aber-
devine, Twite, and other Birds doj they are taken as they
catch other fmall Birds, Mr. Tf^illoughby has not the Red-
Pole in his Collection, defcribed by that Name, or any o-
ther that will exactly anfwer j but I believe it to be the
fame with what he calls the leller Red-headed Linnet j See
his Ornithology page 260. SeB. 4.
V
C/fit: fTled/teis On:k and^yt-'fz.
<^leaTuir..J//'i/n, ^el. -'^'M.o.ijj.^.
yf.
%...
KJn£'^^dSin 07^.^4/nu/a^iM/ne,
(j?^za^rfy1^^'in^e^.t^e^ji. JJJS-
( 71 )
Ithe Aberduvine.
Numb. LXXVI.
IN Size and Colour it is pretty much like the Canary
Eird^ only the Cock has a black Spot upon his Head,
and a little black under his Throat ; The Hen is more upon
the grey and has a fpotted Breaft and Belly 5 they are live-
ly merry Birds, and fing very prettily, and are frequently
kept in Cages.
Thefe Birds do not breed any where in KnglandtkvdX e-
ver I heard of, but fhift Places according to the Seafons of
the Yearj they vifit our Parts in the Winter-time, and
leave us in the Spring j they frequent the Alder Trees, ^c.
By the River fide: The Bird Catchers take them as they
do Linnets^ Goldfinches^ ^c. And feed them like thofe
Birds. It is of a very mild Nature, and not at all crafty,
fo that it is eafily taken by any kind of Engine or Deceit.
Mr. Willoughby calls it Si/kin-^ it is, fays he, kept in
Cages for its finging, and is common in Germany and Eng-
land. At Vienna in Auftria they call it Seifely a Name
not much different from our Englijh Si/kin in Suffex^ it is
known by the Name of the Barley-bird^ ^o called becaule
it comes to them in Barley Seed-time.
Tie
( 7^ )
l^he Amaduvads Cock and Hen.
Numb. LXXVir.
T is much about the bignefs of the common Wren; its
Bill is in ftiape like that of the Goldfinch, of a red Co-
lour; the upper part of the Head and Back are of a dulky
Colour, in fome Birds lighter, in fome darker; the Wings
and Breaft are duiky with a mixture of red and white Spots;
the Tail it felf is an Inch and a half long, the upper part
half way red, the lower black ; its Legs and Feet are of
a dufky yellow.
The Hen was of a duiky Colour on the upper part of
the Head and Back, the Wings of the fame Colour with
fome Spots of white ; the Breaft and Belly were of a pale
yellow, with a Spot of white under the Bill ; the Tail and
Legs of the fame Colour as in the Cock. Thefe Birds
vary very much in their Colours, fome lighter and fome in-
clining to black: They moft commonly are kept in Pairs,
the Cock and Hen agreeing very well together in a Cage;
thefe Birds were drawn from a Pair Mr. Oldham had, which
were very tame. They are brought from the Kajl Indies^
their Food is Canary Seed.
I ;0?
77.
y/t£ 'Lylrfuit/ifUAZ^j Oac/i, an^ <^e??^.
S/e^za/?~^^//'t/i k?€^/. r^ii/i/ 1 2. jjj^.
^^"ti*-
7S
( 73 )
l^he common Heron.
Numb. LXXVIII.
ITS Bill was five Inches long, flrongand ftreight, from
a thick Bafe gently leflening into a iharp Point, of a
yellowifh Colour inclining to green, the Edges ferate for
the better holding of llippery Fifties 5 the Mouth gapes
wide, the Tongue is ftiarp and long, but not hard; the
top of the Head, Neck, Back and upper fide of the Wings
are of a dufky afli Colour, moft of the (capular Feathers
have white tips, excepting a long black on the fcapular part
of the Wings : The prime or Quill-Feathers of the Wings
are black, their extreme Edges vv^hite : The forefide of the
Neck, Breaft and upper part of the Belly are fprinkled
with black, the lower part of the Belly and Thighs are white,
with a Caft of yellowiih red.
The Tail is feven Inches long, made up of twelve Fea-
thers of an afh Colour j the Legs are long and bare above
Knee, of a fordid green; the Toes are long butjoyned to-
gether by a Ihort Membrane, becaufe it muft needs becon-
verfant about Waters. Thefe Birds build on high Trees,
and for the moft part many together, under which the Own-
ers find a great many Fifti, which they let
I'he
( 74 )
The Blew Heron,
Numb. LXXIX.
THIS Bird was of the bignefs of the common Heron,
its Weight four Pound; its length from the tip of
the Bill to the end of the Feet three Foot ten Inches. Its
Bill was five Inches and a half long, of a fine yellow Co-
lour, the upper Mandible a little hooked at the Point.
The top of the Head and Creft of a blewifh Lead Colour,
from the Bill and under the Eyes to the back part of the
Head white.
The Neck, Back, Breaft, Belly and Thighs are blew-
ifh ; the Scapular and covert Feathers of the Wings of a
paler blew 5 the Quill-Feathers are black, their exterior
Edges blew: The Legs and Feet are of a duiky yellow,
the Toes long, the outermoft Foretoes joyned to the mid-
dlemoft by a Membrane j the Edge of the middle Claw
is cerate.
This Bird I faw at a Gentleman's at Ponder^ s Endy who
looked on it as a curious Bird not common.
The
/S^■e^^^/- .i^^S^-^-^z
£.^ €//^i'/z _5f5j/.- jyjj.
^
^vV\
( 75 )
The Frigate Bird.
Numb. LXXX.
THE Indians call it fo, becaufe of the Swiftnefs of its Flight; its
Body is no bigger than a Pullet %^ but the Stomach is very flefliy ;
the Males are as black as Ravens, the Neck long, the Head fmall, with
great black Eyes, and the Sight more piercing than the Eagle's; the Bill
is thick and intirely black, about feven Inches long; the upper Beak at
the end crooked like a Hook; the Toes are fbort, armed with ftrong
black Talons, and divided as the Vulture's, the Wings of this Bird are
very large and long, reaching beyond the Tail, and not without a
provident Delign of Nature, {ince the Wings are fometimes employed
to carry him above a hundred Leagues from Land : It is with a great deal
of Trouble that he can raife himfelf upon the Branches, becaufe of the
extraordinary length of his Wings; but when he has once taken his
Flight, he keeps his Wings extended almoft without Motion or Fatigue;
if fometimes the Weight of the Rain or Violence of the Winds force
him, he mounts above the Clouds beyond Sight, in the middle Region
of the Air; and when he is at the higheft he does not forget where he
is, but remembers the place where the Dolphin gives chafe to the flying
Fi(h, and then he throws himfelf down like Lightning ; not fo as to
ftrike upon the Water, for then it would be difficult for him to rife
again; but when becomes within twelve or fourteen Paces he makes a
large Turn, and lowering himfelf, as it were infenfibly, till he comes to
skim the Waters where the Chace is given ; in pafTing he takes up the little
Fifh, either with his Bill or Talons.
He has great red Gills under his Throat, like owrEngliJh Cocks, which
do not appear but in the old ones, the Females have none ; they are whiter
than the Males, efpecially under the Belly: Thefe Birds for a long time
made a iitcle Ifland their Habitation, where all the Birds of that Species
thereabouts come to rooft at Nights, and build in their proper S^afon.
This little Ifland was called the IJle of Frtgats^ and bears the Name
to this Day.
L 2 The
( !<> )
I'he Bill of the Man of War Bird,
LXXXI.
T is alfo called the Albitrofs\ the Scull is four Inches long, and four
and a quarter high ; the length of the Bill feven, two and a half high,
and one and a half broad: the upper Beak is hollow and compofed
of fix Bones, the uppermoft whereof is four Inches and a half long, above
half an Inch high, and convex; the middlemoft on each fide are alfo four
Inches long, and about one eighth of an Inch thick ; the lowermoft above
V five Inches long and three quarters thick; their Edges are furrowed witfi
oblique and deep Grooves both before and behind ; all thefe five Bones are
rcfimated or bended upward with fome refemblance to a Saddle; the
:fixth is a wonderful ftrong Bone, crooked exadly like the Bill of a Par-
rot-, and hollow; by the Bow almoft three Inches, and near an Inch
oyer. Its Edges are very keen and ftanding out with two fharp or pointed
Angleg. The Noftrils are three quarters of an Inch long, and almoft
two Inches before the Eyes. The nether Beak is compofed of three Bones,
the two hinder four Inches long, near an Inch high, and bended anfwer-
able to thofe of the upper Beak. Their Edges are cut with deep Furrows:
The third at the end of the Beak is hollow, above an Inch long, and
near as high : Its Edges are fharp and hard, and exceedingly convex or
bended downward ; underneath a round and fharp Pin grows out from
it in a level towards the Scull, near an Inch and a half long ; the Shape
of its Bill fhews it to be a Bird of Prey living moflly on Fifh, which it
takes from the Bird called the Boohy^ who is very dextrous in catching
the Flying Fijh^ when hunted or chafed by the Dolphms ; as foon as the
Boo6y has taken fome of them, the Ma72 of War comes down with
great Swiftnefs upon him, the other Bird immediately difgorges the Fifh,
which the Man of War catches before it falls into the Water: This I
have feen them do often when I was in the Indian Seas, This Bill I
had from Dr. Douglas..
Tht
WmM,.,Ji III '. / /
».
5^ Irtac^ ^hrr-A .
(jfidTTica. n^^^1b.
eSle^2/z^r^/^^^^ ^e^. Jef- J(f i °
^ . / ( 77 )
l^he black Stork.
Numb. LXXXII,-
THIS Bird is equal to the white Stork^ defcribed in Vol,
the fecond^ Numb. 64 .• Its Head, Neck, Back and
Wings are blackilh, with a certain Glofs or Mixture of
green, not unlike the Cormorant j its Breaft, Belly and
Thighs are v/hite, the Bill green, in fome red, which I
believe to be the Cocks.
The Lep-s are long and bare above Knee ; the Membrane
connedliing the Toes reaches as far as the iirft Joint on the
outfide of the Foot, not on the infide ^ the young ones
when they want Meat make a Noife not unlike Herons j
in the Stomach of one diile(9:ed were found feveral large
Frogs not digefted, and feveral Bones of Frogs.
The Birds frequent Fens, Lakes, and Sea Shores 5 into
thele Waters they run, intent upon their Prey, fometimes
diving under Water, maintaining themfelves by fifliing^ its
Flelh hath a very unfavoury and filhy Tafte.
All Storks make a chattering or fnapping noife with their
Bills, by clapping one Mandible nimbly againft the other ^
they are faid to live only in Republicks and free States, but
that is falfe, they having been found in the Territories of fe-
veral' German Princes. 4.
liht
( 78 )
75&^ Numidian Crane,
Numb. LXXXIII.
TS length from the tip of the Bill to the end of the Toes was three
Foot and a half; the Bill long, ftreight and endirig in a Point which
was red, the middle and upper part yeliowj the Eyes large, the I-
xides of a fine fcarlet Colour; from behind the Eyes proceeded long Ap-
pendices compofed of white Feathers made of fine long Fibres, after the
inanner of the Feathers that young Herons have on the Back near the
Wings.
The Head, hind part of the Neck, Back, Wings and Tail were of a
cinereous or lead Colour: The forepart of the Neck was adorned with
black Feathers compofed of fine Fibres of about nine Inches long, ve-
ry foft to the Touch.
The Legs are long, of a yellow Colour and bare above Knee, cover-
ed on the fore fide v/ith great Scales ; the Soles of the Feet were fpeckled
iikc Shagreen j the fore Toes long, the hind Toe fhort, the Talons black.
This Bird is called Demoifelles by reafon of certain ways of adling that
it has, wherein it feems to imitate the Geftures of a Woman who affedis
a Grace in her Walking, Obeifances, and Dancing. This Refemblance
muft be thought to have fome reafonable Ground, feeing that for above
two thoufand Years the Authors who have treated of this Bird have de-
figned it by this Particularity of the Imitation of the Geftures and Be-
haviour of Men. Arijlotle gives to it the Name of Adtor or Comedian.
Pliny calls it Parafite and Dancer. Xe77opho7^ fays that the Method
which Fowlers make ufe of to take thefe Birds is by rubbing their Eyes
in their Prefence, with Water put into Veflels which they carry away,
leaving fuch Veflels filled with Glue wherewith thefe Birds glue their
Feet and Eyes, when they endeavour to imitate what they have feen
others do. I faw this Bird at Sir Henry Maynard\,
The
S2
^/v/.4 /lufnv^^.'/i/li ,_ C^e /lu//nu/ta/fz ^ryz//t&^
S^t^a'zayr^i^//'^ift f^/^^W' Z'Z.jyj/f.
Jid^7yiA//7^u7r KJ/i£^urnl^ ^/H/rC.
S^a^^'r^/dt'n ^e^- .yia^.Q. J/Jj-
[79)
The Purple Bird,
Numb. LXXXIV.
THE Porphyrio Is a kind of Water He7t\ its Body is all over of a
fine purple Colour, the Tail of a whitifh afli Colour; its Bill,
Legs and Feet are of a fcarlet red, the Claws black; Fliny fays that
when it drinks it feems to bite the Water ; and hath this Property by
himfelf, to dip and whet his Meat now and then in Water, and thea
with its Foot inftead of a Hand, to reach it to its Bill 5 the beft of this
kind, he fays, are in Comagene-, it hath three long Toes and one fhort
back Toe, two forward, and one long Toe behind; the fhort Toe-
above it as it is drawn in the Plate feems to be of no ufe; Mr. Willotigh^
by (in his Ornithology) fays, neither Gefner nor Aldrovandus^ nor him-
felf had ever feen this Bird, but Pictures of it only, and feeing that the:
Pictures do much vary, and none of thofe that have compiled Hiftories
of Animals, do profefs themfelves to have feen the Porphyrio ; we fome-
times doubted whether there were any fuch Bird in Nature, efpecially
feeing fome of thofe things which the Ancients attribute to it, as (for
example) that it hath five Toes on each Foot, are without doubt falfe
and fabulous ; but becaufe all the Pictures of it do agree in the Figure
of its Bill, Legs and Feet, and fome other Parts, we have now changed:
our Minds, and are more apt to believe the affirmative, viz. that there
is fuch a Bird as they picture ; let others (fays he) who have the hap to*
fee it defcribe it more exadliy, and fo remove all Doubts and Scruples
concerning this matter out of the Minds of the Learned and Curious,.
This Bird I had out of the Colledion of Sir T'bomas Lowther.
r/fe
'e:
( So )
The White Woodcock,
Numb. LXXXV.
TS Bill was of a yeilowifh Colour, the Head, Throat,
Breaft, Belly and Thighs were white, the Hind part
of the Neck, and fide of the Breaft had a few dark Fea-
thers fcattered here and there j the upper fcapular Feathers
are of a reddifh brown, the reft of the fcapular Feathers
white, with red Edges; the covert and Quill-Feathers are
white with a Caft of red, the Tail white, the Rump juft
above the Tail red ; the Legs and Feet are yellow. I was
ordered by Sir Robert Abdy to draw this Bird; it was ftiot
by Ofay Macdowel Efquire, and is preferved in a fine glafs
Cafe at the Southampton Coffee-Houfe in Chancery Lane,
The
^'^'■i
I y/'/f/t^^ ^WffTT^/c&C^-' .
c^/i'.<c(zar^M^ln/3£l Jiili/ 24. y^-^j-.
0/
Sf.
c-^<? ^>fe<i-/^ t^^/»<? or- Ju<3f^vt^.
(^.iytuf'-^t ^e/: ^y^y.
( 8i )
7he yack-Snipe or yudcocL
Numb. LXXXVI.
TT weighed two Ounces; its length from the tip of the Bill to the end
-*■ of the Claws were ten Inches and a quarter, to the end of the Tail
eight and a half; it is about half as big as a Snipe; the Colour of the
Rump is a fhining blevvifli purple, like the Feathers of a Stare's back;
the tips of the Feathers are white ; the fcapular Feathers covering the
Back have their outward Border yellow, the middle part brown, with
red Spots; their inner Border is of a fhining blew, yet without any Mix-
ture of purple : The Neck is parti-coloured of brown, white, and pale
red; the top of the Head black, with a red Tin£ture; above the Eyes
pafs a broad Line of pale yellow; the Throat is of a pale red, painted
with white and brown Spots ; the Breaft and Belly are white ; between the
Eyes and Bill is drawn a black Line or Border; the Males in this Kind
differ from the Females neither in Colour, nor Magnitude. The prime
Feathers of the Wings are in number twenty four, of which the firft or
outmoft ten were brown or dusky ; the tips of the next ten white ; the
three laft or inmoft on the outiide the Shaft were ftreaked with red
and black. The tips of the greater covert Feathers are white: The
lefler Row of Wing Feathers are black, but partly tipt with red.
The Bill was two Inches long ; the upper Chap a little longer than
the nether, towards the end broad and rough, with Points ('chamfered)
yet the very outmoft tip isfmooth; the Legs are bare above the Knees,
pale coloured with a dafh of green, the Toes divided to the bottom,
the Back-toe fmall, the Claws black. It feeds upon Beetles and other
Infedts.
It hides itfelf among Ruflies, not riling fometimes till you are juft
ready to fet your Foot upon it : It is taken by fome for the Cock of the
common Snipe; but upon difleding of them, there is found both Male
and Female of this fmall Kind.
M I'he
{ 82 )
^he PookSmpe.
Numb.' LXXXVII.
TH E Bill is two Inches long, {lender, of a dark red at
the Bafe, and black towards the Point , the Tongue is
Iharp, jQender and undivided, the upper Mandible
longer and fomething crooked at the very tip ; the I rides
of the Eyes are yellow, the Noftrils oblong ; the top of
the Head, hind part of the Neck and Back are of a dufky
brown with tranfverfe waved darkMarks inclining to black,
with light Edges ^ the fore part of the Neck a pale cinere-
ous brown, with light waved Lines acrofs ; the firil feven
Quill-Feathers, and three of the firft Row of Coverts in-
cumbent on them black with light Edges : the reft of the
Wing Feathers are brown, their Edges light: The Breaft
is fpotted with large Spots of black ; the Belly and Thighs
are white, with a faint Shade of yellowilh brown.
The Tail was ihort, made up of twelve brown Feathers
marked with black and light Streaks acrofs; it was bare
above Knee, the Legs and Feet of a beautiful orange Co-
lour, the back Toe fmall, having a very little Claw : It
breeds in Marfhes, and if any one comes near its Neft, it
flies about, making a great Noife like the Lapwing.
This Bird differs from the T'otanus of Aldrovandus^ ift
in that it is much lefs, fecondly that it hath a ihorter Bill
and Feet, thirdly in the duiky Colour of its Bav:k, fourth-^
ly in the red Colour of its Legs and Feet.
2
rhe
s..y^^:». S>^.- y^jr.
s^.
■Ly/i-e ^ly^^e-e n^.a^a!Ze cy" /e^i-iz/e Kj^fZ^.
(^.dUr^^e^: ^yjy-
( 83 )
The Tree Widdle.
Numb. LXXXVIII.
T
"^ H I S Bird was about the bignefs of the Jack Snipe,
Its Bill black, the Noftrils oblong, the Head and
Neck of a pale duiky Colour, the Back and Wings fome-
thing darker, the Quill-Feathers very dark, their exterior
Edges light j the Belly and Thighs are white, the Tail was
made up of twelve Feathers, their upper Sides duiky, their
under fide white : It was bare above Knee, the Legs and
Feet black, the back Toe very fmall: This Bird was (hot
by a Gentleman near a Pond fide, and was brought me by
the name of the Tree U^iddie'^ I believe this Name impofed
on it is not right, I rather believe it to be the female Stent
or Sanderling. See the Male Vol. the fecondy Numb, 74,
M ^ The
( H)
Mr. Oldham\ Reve.
Numb. LXXXIX.
TH E Bill was long, ftreight, and of a dark afh Colour,
almoft black , fome fmall white Feathers from the Bill
encompafs the Eyes, the Head, Neck and Back
were of a dufky brown |j the Scapular and covert Feathers
of the Wings light brown, and full of fmall white Specks j
the Quill-Feathers dark brown, the Breaft, and Belly
white, lightly tinged with yellowy the Tail was made up
of twelve fhort white Feathers motled with black j the Legs
and Feet are black, and bare above Knee.
This Bird was fhot by Nathaniel Oldham Efquire, as it
was flying over his Gardens at Eling^ near Brantford in
Middkfex. I am inclined to believe it to be a Species of
the Reve Kind, but very differing in the Colours of the
Feathers and Legs,
The
8^.
fy^^ C^M^ n/ad^i^cn^/j/<.y<^^^T^^afi4.ay!'^z. i^ A^ ^a^£i^e^. a^ f^^M?y. S. ^/^^e/: zyjy.
C,0.
Z^r ^e'n^ta^ ^'k^^r L^u'^. ^^^^tiuJ^ ^^mzAcuJ t^g^ti^^Z).
Slea^U3'r.<2Uft^^e/'-^^uf. 2-f ■ J~J^-
( 85 )
Ithe Bengali Water Rail,
Numb. XC.
THIS Bird was about the bignefs of our Englifli Wa-
ter-Rail'^ its Bill was long and of a yellow Colour^
the Eyes were encompaffed with a Circle of white
ending in a Point on the back part of the Head j the Irides
yellow, the top of the Head white, the fides of the Face,
and whole Neck of a dark brown , part of the Back, the
Breaft, Belly and Thighs white, the top of the Back, and
the Wings green, except|the firft three or four Quill-Feathers
which were purple, with five large orange coloured Spots in
each Feather ^ the laft Quill-Feather next the Body is white,
the Tail ihort, made up of twelve Feathers coloured and
fpotted like thofe in the Wings ; the Legs were bare above
Knee, of a pale yellow Colour inclining to green, as was
alfo the Feet, the Claws black. The Draught of this
Bird I had of Mr. Dandridge^ it was fent him from Bengali
in the Eaft-Indies.
-^
The
( 86 )
The More-Hen.
Numb. XCr.
THE length from the point of the Bill to the end of
the Feet was feventeen Inches and a half, to the end
of the Tail thirteen and a half, the breadth, when the
Wings were expanded, twenty two Inches and a half, the
Bill from the Tip to the corners of the Mouth was more
than an Inch long, of a dulky yellow green. The top of
the Head, hind part of the Neck, Back and Wings are
of a dark brown inclining to black; round the Scapular
and out Edge of the Wing, as far as the lower Coverts, runs
a Line of white; the Throat, Breaft, Belly and Thighs are
black, below the Vent and the under lide of the Tail
white; it had alfo four long ilender white Feathers on the
upper part of the Thigh behind; the Legs and Feet were
of a fordid green Colour, the Toes long, the Claws black :
It will feed very fat; its Flefh is very well tafted and as
good as that of Teal : It gets its Food on graffy Banks and
Borders of Rivers, and feeds on fuch Infe(9:s as it finds
there. See the Cock Vol. the fecond Numb 72.
"The
9'
■YAe '^^-^/^n.iz^ /^^er^-^ -Ae.
'^z^.
^^-Ui^n^uAl o/i/£r^/T^l^€<f ^/Zi^.^/
<^.^':^/^!f-t^ ^£^. jy^7.
C}%.
^/Ao [^>^^fy/.
(S/^aza^ ..y^l^i/n ^^. ^.yiu^.'zo.ijj^.
( 87 )
l['he PetreL
Numb. XCII.
IT S Bill was black, half an Inch long, the Noftrils placed in a Pro-
tuberance on the middle of the upper Mandible, which I 'never ob-
ferved in any other Bird : The breadth, v^hen the Wings were expan-
ded, twelve Inches, length fix Inches \ the top of the Head and Back
very dark, almoft black; on the Rump is a large Spot of white, the
Belly and Wings fomething paler; the Wings are an Inch and a quar-
ter, longer than the Tail, which was made up of twelve brown Fea-
thers an Inch and a half long; the Leg was an Inch and a half and
half a quarter ; It was Web-footed, both Legs and Feet dark brown.
When thefe Birds make towards a Ship at Sea they foretell a Storm at
hand, and will keep behind the Stern of the Veffel, as a Shelter for
them till the Storm is over,- fometimes Flying and fometimes feeming
to run on the Waves with incredible Swiftnefs, for which reafon they
have given it the Name of Petrel from Peters walking on the Water.
This Bird I had from Conful Sherwood., who was pleafed to lend
it me to draw a Pid:ure from it.
Mr. Willoughby calls a Bird which he defcribes fomething like it,
but of different Colours, the Storm Fink. See his Appe7idix page 395.
See Dampeirs Voyage Vol the 3d, page 97. who calls it the PetreL
The
( 88 )
The great Sea Loon from Newfoundland.
Numb. XCIII.
TH E length from the tip of the Bill to the end of the
Tail is thirty five Inches, to the end of the Claws
forty four , breadth, when the Wings are extended,
four Foot five Inches; the Bill was five Inches long, black
ending in a fharp white Point 5 the Head and upper part
of the Neck are of a dulky brown. It had a white Spot
under its Bill, and a Ring of white about its Neck, the
lower part of the Neck green : The Back and covert Fea-
thers of the Wings are black fpotted with irregular Spots
of white; the prime Feathers of the Wings are black, their
exterior Edges white; the Breaft and Belly are white, the
Legs of a brown Colour nine Inches long; the outward
Toe, which was the longeft, was ^vt Inches long: It was
Web-footed like a Goofe; it feeds altogether on Filh.
It was brought from Newfoundland^ and prefented to
the Right Honourable the Lord Ilay^ who was pleafed to
lend it me, to draw its Pi£hire.
/
i:he
f''Vt'<fZii?\ ///-f// ill'e/. , ///(/. /. -//^r-
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( §9 )
l^he great black and white Gull.
Numb. XCIV.
IT was the biggeft of all the Gulls I have yet feen ; it
weighed four Pounds and ten Ounces^ its length from
the tip of the Bill to the end of the Tail was twenty fix
Inches; its breadth from tip to tip of the Wings diftended
fixty fix Inches; its Bill was orange Colour, comprelTed
fideways more than three Inches long, fomething hooked
at the end, the lower Mandible underneath bunched out
into a Knob very red, the Noftrils oblong.
The Irides of the Eyes are of a beautiful red, both Head,
Neck, Breafl, Belly and Tail are white; the middle of the
Back and the Wings are black, the tips of the Quill and
covert Feathers white.
The Tail was fix Inches long, made up of twelve Snow
white Feathers; its Legs and Feet were flefh Colour the
Claws black; it had a fmall Back-toe, a wide Mouth, a
long Tongue, and a large Gullet; it preys upon Fifhes,
out of the Stomach of one diffefbed was taken a Plaife in-
tire. It had a great Liver divided into two Lobes with a
Gall adhering; Ihort and fmall blind Guts; a mufculous
Stomach, and an oblong Spleen.
N The
( 90 )
The Razor-BilL
Numb. XCV.
TS notfo big as the tame Duck: Between the tips of the Wings, when
■*■ fpread, it was twenty feven Inches broad ; its Head, Neck, Back and
Tail, in general its whole upper fide, is black : Its Belly and Breaft as
far as the middle of the Throat white. The upper part of the Throat
under the Chin hath fomething of a dusky or purplifli black. Each
Wing has twenty eight Quill-Feathers ,• the tips of all the covert Fea-
thers to the eleventh are white. The Tail is three Inches long, made
up of twelve Feathers ; the exterior fhorter by degrees than the interior:
The Excefs of the two middlemofi: above the next to them is greater
than that of the reft.
The Bill from the tip to the angles of the Mouth is two Inches long,
of a deep black, narrow or comprefTed fidcvvays; a little beyond the
Noftrils in the upper Mandible there is engraven a Furrow or Incifion
deeper than that of the Coulter-Neb^ as far as this Groove the Bill is
covered with a thick, fhort, foft Down, like the Nap of Velvet-, the
upper Chap is crooked at the end, concave and over-hanging the
lower: Both are of equal length, channelled with two tranfverfe Fur-
rows or Grooves (the upper for the moft part with three;) that next the
Head which is the wideft, and almoft croftes the whole Bill, being white:
from each Eye to the corner of the upper Mandible is a narrow whitifh
Line: The Mouth within is of a lovely yellow; the Eyes hazel Colour;
the Legs are fituate as in the Tengum and Coulter-Neby of a black Co-
lour, as are alfo the Feet and Claws ; it wants the back-Toe. It lays,
fits and breeds up its young ones on the Ledges of the craggy Cliffs
and fteep Rocks by the Sea Shores; their Eggs are large and white va-
ried with black Spots: This Bird was fent me out of York/hire by my
very good Friend Mr. Knowlton Gardiner to my Lord Burlington.
The
( 91 )
l^he Swan.
Numb. XCI.
nPHIS Bird is the biggefl of all the whole-footed Water-fowl with
"*- broad Bills, it weighed twenty pounds ; from the tip of the Bill to
the end of the Tail were fifty five Inches, to the end of the Feet
fifty feven; the diftance between the tips of the Wings extended, was
feven foot and eight Inches.
The whole Body is covered with a foft and delicate Plumage, in the
old ones purely white, in the young ones grey ; the Quill of the greater
Wing Feathers of this Bird are greater than in the Wild Swan, the Bill
in the young ones of the firft Year is of a led Colour, having a round
Nail as it were at the tip, and a black Line on each fide, from the Nof-
trils to the Head; from the Eyes to the Bill is a triangular Space, bare
of Feathers, of a black Colour, the Bafe whereof refpeds the Bill, the
Vertex the Eyes. In old ones the Bill is red, the Hook or Nail at the
end being black: at the Bafe of the Bill grows a great Lobe of tuberous
Flefh of a black Colour, bending forward or downward; this is much
larger in the Male than in the Female; the fpace under the Eyes always
continues black: The Tongue is indented or toothed; the Legs and
Feet black, bare a little above Knee, The inmoft Toe hath a lateral
Membrane appendant: The Claws are black.
It is a very long-liv'd Fowl, fo that it is thought to attain the Age of
three hundred Years; they feed on Fifh, Herbs growing in the Water,
their Roots and Seeds, Worms, Infeds, and Shell-Fifh. Albertus writes
truly, that its Flefh is black and hard. As the Bird itfelf is far bigger
thanaGoofe, fo its Flefh is blacker, harder, and tougher, having groffer
Fibres hard of Digeftion, of a bad melancholic Juice ; yet for its Rarity
ferves as a Difh to adorn great Mens Tables at Feafts and Entertainments,
being elfe no defirable Dainty. It lays feven or eight Eggs, and fits
near two Months before its young ones are hatcht.
N 2 The
( 9^ i
The Mufcovy Drake and Duck.
Numb. XCVII. XCVIII.
THE Drake is of a middle Size, between a Goofe^ and
a Duck J its Bill is fhort and broad, hooked at the
end 5 the upper Mandible hath a round tuberous piece
of Flefh growing between the Noftrils, reprefenting a fmall
rtd Cherry^ it is red towards the end, the Hook black j the
Irides of the Eyes are white round; it is a red flefhy Sub-
ftance like that on the top of the Bill.
The top of the Head and Neck are dufky, motled with
white, the Back and Wings of an odd Mixture of Colours,
viz. dark brown, red, purple, green, and white; the Breaft
and Belly are white, with fome few brown Feathers here
and there; the Legs and Feet orange Colour.
The Penis of this Bird is very large, being an Inch thick
and four or live Inches long, and red like Blood, they are
a very profitable Bird, if you feed them well, the Hen
laying a great many Eggs, and in a fhort time hatching a
great number of Ducklings; their Flefh hath a pleafant
Tafle, different from that of the common Duck ; the Hen
is of the fame Colours of the Cock, and fbmetimes white,
and has not that round Cherry-like Excrefcence on the up-
per Mandible.
The
^
vt
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^ke^'i(U^a.a,ajA£yr ^iccA^.
^lsa/zarJ//n^^^. M/- 20. JJJ§-
( 93 )
7/&^ Madagafcar Duck,
Numb, XeiX.
IT is fomething larger than the tame Ducky the Bill of
a yellowiih brown, the I rides of the Eyes of a fine red,
the Head and Neck of a dufky green, the Back a dark
purple with a Mixture of blew, the Edges of the Feathers
red, the Breaft a duiky brown, the exterior Edges of each
Feather red, the lower Belly brown, the fcapular Feathers
green, fome edged with redj the upper Scapulars duiky
with a Mixture of blew, as was alfo the firft Row of Co-
verts, and all the Quills their Edges red j the fecond Row
of Coverts green, the Legs and Feet orange Colour , this
Bird was of fo fhining a beautiful Colour, as cannot right-
ly be exprefled in Words : The Breed came iirft from
Madagafcar in Kafl India^ and was in the PolTeffion of a
Merchant at Ponders End near Enfield ^ who was fo good
as to let me have fome of the Breed to oblige fome Gen«
tlemen that had a mind to them.
the
• ( 94 )
7he upright Duck,
Numb. C.
THE Bill was green with a brownifh Caft, the Irides
of the Eyes white, the Top of the Head black j from
the upper Bafe of the Bill a white Line furrounds the top
of the Head under the black, the reft of the Head is of a
dark Colour, intermixt with green and red, which accord-
ing to the Refle(9:ion of the Light makes it look very beau-
tiful^ its Neck was variegated with black and white Fea-
thers, the Breaft and Belly white, the fides of the Belly un-
der the Wings, the Thighs and Vent of a dark Colour
inclining to black j the Wing feathers brown, their exterior
Edges white.
The Back was dark with a Mixture of Rainbow Colours
as on the Head, the Legs and Feet of a dufky yellow j this
Bird carries itlelf more upright than any elfe of the Duck
Kind in its walking, and for that reafon they give it the
Name of the upright Duck. Thefe I had of Mr. Nefbet
a Gentleman curious in Fowls.
Ihe
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j:,^AUn7vdAl. Ju'TU-at.-^i^b
^0
^
^
( 95 )
The Batt or Flutter-Moufe,
Numb. CI.
IS a Creature between a Bird and a Beaft, of which there are three
Kinds, that we know of, viz. the fmall common fort, frequent in
England', another fort about one fourth bigger than the common
with large double Ears about an Inch and a half long; and a third
Kind brought from the Indies, one of which is now in the Pofleffion
of Mr. Dandridge, whole Body is twelve Inches long, breadth, when
the Wings were expanded, two Foot, its Head and Neck refembling a
Fox both in Colour and Shape, the reft of the Body and Wings black.
This is the largeft I ever faw : In the fmall ones there is no remarkable
Difference, but the fize of their Parts. Thefe Animals partake of the
four-footed Kind in the Make of the Head, which agrees with thofe of
the Moufe or Rat kind; the fhape of the Trunk of their Bodies like-
wife is much the fame 5 and are both covered with Hair: They alfo
bring forth their young ones perfe(ftly formed, like the four-footed kind,
and give them fuck. They partake of the Bird kind in having only
two Legs, befides the Hooks at the Pinions of their Wings : they have
the Power of flying, the Note or Voice of thefe Animals is between
the chirping of Birds, and the cry of four-footed Beafts ; it is faid the
Batt fleeps all the Winter in Holes of old Houfes and Walls; it very
rarely appears in the Day time, but flies in the Dusk of the Evening
only ^ the Wings of a Batt are wonderful ftrange, confiding of one intire
Skin, webb'd together like the Feet of Water-Fowl ; the Claws or Hooks
©n the tops of the Wings this Creature makes ufe of, to hang by to
any thing it is minded ; whilft it is either feeding, or fleeping &'c.
It feeds on Bacon, Cheefey &'c. This I had from Sir . Robert Abdy,
which he found with feveral more in a hollow Tree in his Park.
2 'The
A Catalogue of the Birds in the Third Volume.
t-r'HE Vulture
X Ihe Barberry Falcon
Page I
The Nightingale
2
Hen Wheat- Ear
The Hen Harrier
3
Greater Redjlart
Sparrow-Hawk Cock
4
Bengali Redjlart
Windhotier Cock
5
Mountain Titmoufe
Black Wing horn Owl
6
Black Cap and White Throat
Great brown Owl
7
Hedge Sparrow
Black Owl
8
Sedge Bird
Bird of Paradife
9
Virginia Grofs Beak Hen
Blew Mace aw
lO
Grofs Beak from Gamboa
Barbadoes Parrot
11
Greater Brambling
Cockatoo
12
Lejfer Brambling
Angola Paroqueet
13
Red Headed Sparrow
Bengali Paroqueet
14
Mountain Sparrow
Small green Paroqueet
15
Cape Sparrow
Switzerland Wood Crow
16
China Bullfinch
Bengal Dial-bird Cock
17
Black Bullfinch
The Baniahbow
18
Swallow Goldfinch
Bengali Tellow-bird
^9
Lejfer Pied Mountain Finch
Jhe Contra-
20
Red Linnet Cock and Hen
Bengali Woodpecker
21
Twite
Small black Woodpecker
22
Redpole
Hamburgh Tree-creeper
23
jibaduvine
Small Tree-creeper
24
Jtnaduvads Cock and Hen
The Fig-Eater
25
Common Heron
S?mrna Kingfijher
i6
Blew Heron
Large Bengali Kingfjher
27
Frigate Bird
Small Bengali Kingfijher
28
Man of War bird's' Bill
Bengali Bee- Eater
29
Black Stork
Ihe Oftricb
30
Neumedian Crane
Hamburgh Cock
31
The Purple Bird
Bantam Cock and Hen
32
White Woodcock
Turkey Cock
33
Jack Snipe
Red China Pheafar.t
34
The Peal Snipe
White China Pheafant
35
Tree Widdle
The Bitftard
36
A different kind of Reve
Peruvian Hen
'37
Bengali Water Rail
French field Duck
38
Female More Hen
Dove-Houfe Pigeon
Z9
The Peterill
Jacobian Pigeon
40
Newfoundland Diver
Stock Dove
41
Great White Gull
Indian Turtle Dove
42
Razor Bill
China Dove
43
Swan
Nincomber Pigeon Cock and Hen
44
Mufcovia Drake and Duck
Humming Birds
45
Madagafcar Duck
Hortulon
46
The Upright Duck
Black Lark
47
The Bat.
Crefied Lark
48
49
50
53
54
55
56
57
58
11
61
62
64
%
66
P
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
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